社会工作介入空巢老人心理支持模式 -社会工作专业

摘要

随着我国老龄化进程的加快，空巢老人群体规模持续扩大，其心理健康问题日益凸显。本研究旨在探索社会工作介入空巢老人心理支持的有效模式，以提升该群体的心理健康水平。研究采用混合研究方法，通过问卷调查、深度访谈和参与式观察收集数据，选取某市200名空巢老人作为研究对象。研究发现，当前空巢老人普遍存在孤独感、焦虑感和自我价值感缺失等心理问题，而传统的社会支持体系难以满足其个性化需求。基于生态系统理论和社会支持理论，本研究创新性地构建了"社区-家庭-个人"三位一体的心理支持模式，强调社会工作者在整合资源、搭建平台和提供专业服务中的核心作用。实证研究表明，该模式能有效改善空巢老人的心理健康状况，提升其社会参与度和生活满意度。研究的主要贡献在于：首次将社会工作专业方法系统应用于空巢老人心理支持领域；提出了可操作化的干预策略和服务流程；为相关政策制定提供了实证依据。研究结果对完善我国老年人心理健康服务体系具有重要的理论和实践意义。

关键词：空巢老人心理健康社会工作介入心理支持模式

Abstract

With the acceleration of the aging process in China, the size of empty-nesters continues to expand, and their mental health problems become increasingly prominent. The purpose of this study is to explore the effective mode of social work intervention in psychological support for empty-nesters, so as to improve the mental health level of this group. This study adopted a mixed research method, collected data through questionnaire survey, in-depth interview and participatory observation, and selected 200 empty-nesters in a city as research ob jects. The study found that the current empty-nesters generally have psychological problems such as loneliness, anxiety and lack of self-worth, and the traditional social support system is difficult to meet their individual needs. Based on ecosystem theory and social support theory, emphasizing the core role of social workers in integrating resources, building platforms and providing professional services. The empirical study shows that this model can effectively improve the mental health of empty-nesters, enhance their social participation and life satisfaction. The operable intervention strategy and service flow are proposed. It provides an empirical basis for relevant policy making. The research results have important theoretical and practical significance for improving the mental health service system of the elderly in China.

Keyword:Empty nesters Mental health Social work intervention Psychological support model

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

2空巢老人心理问题特征分析 1

2.1空巢老人心理问题的表现形式 2

2.2空巢老人心理问题的成因分析 2

2.3空巢老人心理支持需求评估 3

3社会工作介入模式构建 3

3.1个案工作介入模式设计 4

3.2小组工作介入方法探索 4

3.3社区工作支持体系构建 5