社会工作介入残疾人就业促进的实践探索 -社会工作专业

摘要

本研究聚焦社会工作介入残疾人就业促进的实践路径，旨在探索提升残疾人就业质量的有效策略。基于生态系统理论和社会支持理论，采用质性研究方法，对长三角地区12家助残社会组织的服务案例进行深度分析，并结合对36名残疾就业者的半结构化访谈数据展开研究。研究发现，当前残疾人就业面临的主要困境包括职业能力不足、社会支持网络薄弱以及就业环境包容性欠缺等问题。针对这些挑战，研究提出"三位一体"的社会工作介入模式：通过职业能力评估与培训提升个体就业能力；构建多元化的社会支持网络；推动用人单位建立无障碍工作环境。实践表明，该模式显著提升了残疾人的就业率和职业稳定性，其中参与项目的残疾人在6个月后的就业率较对照组提高31.2%。研究创新性地将社会工作专业方法与残疾人就业促进相结合，为完善残疾人就业服务体系提供了新的思路和实践参考。研究成果不仅丰富了社会工作在残疾人服务领域的理论内涵，也为相关政策制定和服务创新提供了实证依据。

关键词：社会工作介入残疾人就业生态系统理论社会支持网络

Abstract

This study focuses on the practical path of social work intervention to promote the employment of persons with disabilities, aiming to explore effective strategies to improve the employment quality of persons with disabilities. Based on ecosystem theory and social support theory, this paper adopts qualitative research methods to conduct an in-depth analysis of the service cases of 12 social organizations that assist people with disabilities in the Yangtze River Delta region, and combines the semi-structured interview data of 36 disabled employees. The study found that the main difficulties faced by persons with disabilities in employment include lack of vocational ability, weak social support network and lack of inclusiveness in the employment environment. In response to these challenges, the research puts forward a "trinity" social work intervention model: enhance individual employability through vocational ability assessment and training; Construct a diversified social support network; Encourage employers to establish barrier-free work environments. Practice showed that the model significantly improved the employment rate and career stability of persons with disabilities, in which the employment rate of persons with disabilities participating in the program increased by 31.2% compared with the control group after 6 months. The research innovatively combines the professional methods of social work with the employment promotion of the disabled, providing a new idea and practical reference for improving the employment service system for the disabled. The research results not only enrich the theoretical connotation of social work in the field of disability services, but also provide empirical basis for relevant policy formulation and service innovation.

Keyword:social work intervention Employment of persons with disabilities Ecosystem theory Social support network

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

2残疾人就业现状与社会工作介入需求 1

2.1残疾人就业的主要困境 1

2.2社会工作介入的必要性分析 2

2.3现有政策支持体系评估 3

3社会工作介入残疾人就业的实践模式 3

3.1个案管理模式的应用 3

3.2小组工作方法的创新实践 4

3.3社区资源整合策略 5