农村留守儿童家庭教育的社会工作干预 -社会工作专业

摘要

本研究聚焦农村留守儿童家庭教育问题，采用混合研究方法，通过问卷调查、深度访谈和参与式观察收集数据，探讨社会工作干预的有效路径。研究选取中部地区3个县市12所农村学校的留守儿童及其家庭作为研究对象，运用生态系统理论和社会支持理论构建分析框架。研究发现，当前农村留守儿童家庭教育存在亲子互动缺失、教育方式单一、社会支持网络薄弱等突出问题。针对这些问题，本研究创新性地设计了"家校社"三位一体的社会工作干预模式，通过开展家长教育能力提升项目、建立社区互助网络、引入专业社工服务等措施进行实践探索。实证研究表明，该干预模式显著改善了留守儿童的学业表现和心理适应能力，提升了监护人的教育意识和技能水平。研究的主要贡献在于：首次系统论证了社会工作介入农村留守儿童家庭教育的可行性与有效性；提出了具有可操作性的干预策略；为相关政策制定提供了实证依据。研究结果对完善农村留守儿童关爱服务体系具有重要的理论和实践意义，同时也为社会工作在农村地区的专业化发展提供了新的思路。

关键词：农村留守儿童家庭教育社会工作干预生态系统理论

Abstract

This study focuses on the family education of left-behind children in rural areas, adopts a mixed research method, collects data through questionnaire survey, in-depth interview and participatory observation, and discusses the effective path of social work intervention. The left-behind children and their families from 12 rural schools in 3 counties and cities in central China were selected as the research ob jects, and ecosystem theory and social support theory were used to build an analytical fr amework. The study found that there are some outstanding problems in the family education of left-behind children in rural areas, such as lack of parent-child interaction, single education mode and weak social support network. In response to these problems, this study innovatively designed a three-in-one social work intervention model of "family, school and community", and carried out practical exploration by carrying out projects to improve parents' education ability, establishing community mutual aid networks, introducing professional social work services and other measures. The empirical study showed that the intervention model significantly improved the academic performance and psychological adaptability of left-behind children, and enhanced the educational awareness and skill level of guardians. The main contributions of this study are as follows: the feasibility and effectiveness of social work intervention in the family education of left-behind children in rural areas are systematically demonstrated for the first time; An operable intervention strategy is proposed. It provides an empirical basis for relevant policy making. The research results have important theoretical and practical significance for improving the care and service system for rural left-behind children, and also provide new ideas for the professional development of social work in rural areas.

Keyword:Rural left-behind children Family education Social work intervention Ecosystem theory

1绪论 1

1.1研究背景及意义 1

1.2国内外研究现状 1

2农村留守儿童家庭教育现状分析 1

2.1农村留守儿童家庭结构特征 1

2.2家庭教育缺失的主要表现 2

2.3家庭教育问题的成因分析 3

3社会工作介入的理论基础与实践路径 3

3.1社会工作介入的理论依据 4

3.2个案工作在农村留守儿童家庭教育中的应用 4

3.3小组工作在家庭教育干预中的实施策略 5