摘要
城市低收入群体的就业问题是社会公平与可持续发展的重要议题，其解决不仅关乎个体生计改善，还涉及社会稳定与和谐。本研究以社会工作理论为指导，聚焦城市低收入群体就业援助的实践探索，旨在通过系统分析和实证研究，揭示当前就业援助中存在的问题，并提出针对性的优化策略。研究采用混合研究方法，结合问卷调查、深度访谈和案例分析，选取某市典型社区作为研究对象，收集了200余名低收入群体的就业状况及相关服务数据。结果显示，低收入群体在就业过程中面临技能不足、信息不对称及心理障碍等多重困境，而现有就业援助体系存在服务精准性不足、资源整合效率低下等问题。基于此，研究创新性地提出了“需求导向型”就业援助模式，强调个性化服务设计与跨部门协作机制的构建。该模式通过整合政府、企业和社会组织资源，形成多方联动的服务网络，显著提升了就业援助的效果。研究表明，社会工作在就业援助中的专业介入能够有效弥补传统服务模式的不足，为推动低收入群体实现稳定就业提供了可行路径，对完善我国城市就业援助体系具有重要的实践意义和理论价值。
关键词：城市低收入群体；就业援助；需求导向型模式；社会工作介入；混合研究方法
Abstract
The employment issue of urban low-income groups is a critical topic concerning social equity and sustainable development, as its resolution not only improves individual livelihoods but also contributes to social stability and harmony. Guided by social work theory, this study focuses on the practical exploration of employment assistance for urban low-income groups, aiming to reveal existing problems through systematic analysis and empirical research and to propose targeted optimization strategies. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews, and case analyses, with a typical community in a city selected as the research subject. Data were collected from over 200 individuals within the low-income group regarding their employment status and related service provisions. The results indicate that low-income groups encounter multiple challenges during the employment process, including insufficient skills, information asymmetry, and psychological barriers, while the current employment assistance system suffers from issues such as insufficient service precision and inefficient resource integration. Based on these findings, this study innovatively proposes a "demand-oriented" employment assistance model, emphasizing personalized service design and the establishment of cross-departmental collaboration mechanisms. By integrating resources from the government, enterprises, and social organizations, this model forms a multi-party联动service network, significantly enhancing the effectiveness of employment assistance. The study demonstrates that professional intervention of social work in employment assistance can effectively address the shortcomings of traditional service models, providing a feasible pathway for promoting stable employment among low-income groups and offering important practical implications and theoretical value for improving the urban employment assistance system in China.
Keywords：Urban Low-Income Groups; Employment Assistance; Demand-Oriented Model; Social Work Intervention; Mixed Research Methods
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 城市低收入群体就业援助的背景分析 1
(二) 就业援助社会工作实践的研究现状 1
(三) 本文研究方法与创新点探讨 1
二、城市低收入群体就业援助的需求分析 2
(一) 低收入群体的基本特征与分类 2
(二) 就业援助需求的识别与评估 3
(三) 社会工作视角下的需求响应机制 3
三、就业援助社会工作实践的模式构建 4
(一) 社会工作在就业援助中的角色定位 4
(二) 多元化就业援助模式的设计与实施 4
(三) 模式构建中的关键要素与挑战 5
四、就业援助社会工作实践的效果评估与优化 5
(一) 实践效果的评价指标体系构建 5
(二) 典型案例分析与经验总结 6
(三) 改进策略与未来发展方向 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
