摘要
随着人口老龄化加剧，老年人精神慰藉问题日益凸显，成为社区养老服务的重要组成部分。本研究旨在探讨社区养老服务模式下提升老年人精神生活质量的有效策略，通过系统分析老年人精神需求特征及其影响因素，提出针对性的干预措施。研究采用问卷调查与深度访谈相结合的方法，选取某市三个典型社区的300名老年人作为样本，收集其在心理、社交和文化层面的需求数据，并结合服务提供者的反馈进行综合评估。结果显示，老年人的精神需求呈现多样化和层次化特点，孤独感、社会参与不足及文化活动匮乏是主要问题。基于此，研究提出构建“多主体协同”的精神慰藉服务体系，包括家庭支持、社区资源优化配置以及专业心理服务介入等创新举措。该体系强调个性化服务设计与技术赋能，如利用智能平台促进代际互动和社会融入。研究表明，这一模式能够显著改善老年人的精神状态，增强其幸福感和归属感。本研究的主要贡献在于将精神慰藉纳入社区养老的整体框架，为相关政策制定和服务实践提供了理论依据和操作路径，同时为推动养老服务高质量发展提供了新思路。
关键词：社区养老服务；老年人精神慰藉；多主体协同；心理需求；社会融入
Abstract
As the aging population intensifies, the issue of mental companionship for older adults has become increasingly prominent, forming a critical component of community-based elderly care services. This study aims to explore effective strategies for enhancing the mental well-being of older adults within the fr amework of community elderly care services by systematically analyzing the characteristics and influencing factors of their mental needs and proposing targeted interventions. A mixed-methods approach combining questionnaire surveys and in-depth interviews was employed, with a sample of 300 older adults selected from three representative communities in a city to collect data on their psychological, social, and cultural needs. Feedback from service providers was also integrated for comprehensive evaluation. The findings indicate that the mental needs of older adults exhibit diverse and hierarchical features, with loneliness, insufficient social participation, and a lack of cultural activities being the primary concerns. Based on these insights, this study proposes the construction of a "multi-stakeholder collaborative" mental companionship service system, which includes innovative measures such as family support, optimized allocation of community resources, and professional psychological service intervention. This system emphasizes personalized service design and technological empowerment, such as leveraging smart platforms to facilitate intergenerational interaction and social integration. The research demonstrates that this model can significantly improve the mental state of older adults, enhancing their sense of happiness and belonging. The main contribution of this study lies in incorporating mental companionship into the overall fr amework of community elderly care, providing theoretical foundations and operational pathways for policy formulation and service practice, while offering new perspectives for promoting high-quality development in elderly care services.
Keywords：Community Elderly Care; Spiritual Comfort For The Elderly; Multi-Party Collaboration; Psychological Needs; Social Integration
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状分析 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 1
二、社区养老服务模式的理论基础 2
(一) 社区养老服务的核心概念 2
(二) 精神慰藉的相关理论框架 3
(三) 社区养老服务与精神慰藉的关系 3
三、老年人精神需求特征分析 4
(一) 老年人心理状态的影响因素 4
(二) 不同年龄段的精神需求差异 4
(三) 社区环境对老年人精神需求的作用 5
四、社区养老服务中的精神慰藉策略构建 5
(一) 精神慰藉服务的设计原则 5
(二) 多元化精神慰藉活动的实施路径 6
(三) 社区资源整合与服务优化 6
结 论 8
参考文献 9
