摘要
随着我国城镇化进程的加快，农村留守老人问题日益凸显，其养老支持体系面临严峻挑战，传统的家庭养老模式已难以满足现实需求，亟需通过社会工作服务模式的创新来提升养老服务质量本研究以农村留守老人为研究对象，基于社会工作理论视角，结合实地调研数据，探讨了适合中国国情的养老支持服务模式创新路径研究采用质性研究方法，通过深度访谈和参与式观察，收集了来自多个省份的典型案例，并运用扎根理论对数据进行系统分析结果表明，当前农村留守老人在情感支持、生活照料和健康保障等方面存在显著不足，而社会工作介入能够有效弥补传统养老模式的短板，特别是在资源整合、社区网络构建以及心理疏导方面具有独特优势本研究提出了一种“政府引导、社区参与、专业支持”的三位一体服务模式，强调以需求为导向，整合多方资源，推动养老服务的精准化与可持续发展该模式的创新点在于将社会工作理念融入农村养老实践，构建了动态适应机制，提升了服务效能研究结论为完善农村留守老人养老支持体系提供了理论依据和实践参考，对促进我国农村养老服务模式的转型升级具有重要意义
关键词：农村留守老人；社会工作介入；养老支持体系；服务模式创新；三位一体机制
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization in China, the issue of left-behind elderly in rural areas has become increasingly prominent, posing severe challenges to the existing elderly care support system. The traditional family-based elderly care model can no longer meet current needs, necessitating innovation in social work service models to enhance the quality of elderly care services. This study focuses on rural left-behind elderly and examines innovative pathways for elderly care support services suitable for China's national conditions from the perspective of social work theory. By employing qualitative research methods, including in-depth interviews and participatory observation, the study collects case examples from multiple provinces and systematically analyzes the data using grounded theory. The findings reveal significant deficiencies in emotional support, daily care, and health security for rural left-behind elderly. Social work interventions can effectively address the shortcomings of traditional elderly care models, particularly in resource integration, community network construction, and psychological counseling. This study proposes a tripartite service model characterized by "government guidance, community participation, and professional support," which emphasizes demand-oriented approaches, integrates resources from multiple stakeholders, and promotes the precision and sustainability of elderly care services. The innovation of this model lies in integrating social work concepts into rural elderly care practices and establishing a dynamic adaptive mechanism to improve service efficiency. The conclusions of this study provide theoretical foundations and practical references for improving the elderly care support system for rural left-behind elderly, offering significant implications for the transformation and upgrading of rural elderly care service models in China.
Keywords：Rural Left-Behind Elderly; Social Work Intervention; Pension Support System; Service Model Innovation; Three-In-One Mechanism
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 农村留守老人养老支持的研究背景 1
(二) 社会工作服务模式创新的意义分析 1
(三) 国内外研究现状与评述 2
二、农村留守老人养老需求的特征分析 2
(一) 留守老人的基本生活需求评估 2
(二) 心理健康与情感支持的需求特点 3
(三) 社会参与及文化娱乐需求的考察 3
三、当前社会工作服务模式的问题与挑战 4
(一) 传统服务模式的局限性分析 4
(二) 资源配置与服务供给的不均衡问题 4
(三) 社会工作者专业能力的不足探讨 5
四、社会工作服务模式的创新路径探索 5
(一) 基于社区的综合养老服务体系建设 5
(二) 多元主体协同的服务模式构建 6
(三) 技术赋能与智慧养老的应用实践 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
