摘要
民事诉讼时效制度作为民法体系的重要组成部分，对维护社会秩序和保障当事人权益具有关键意义。随着经济社会快速发展，现行诉讼时效制度面临诸多挑战，如时效期间设置不尽合理、起算点规定模糊、中止中断规则缺乏灵活性等。为此，本文旨在通过对国内外相关理论与实践的系统梳理，结合我国国情，深入剖析现行制度存在的问题并提出改革建议。研究采用文献分析、比较研究及实证调查相结合的方法，广泛收集立法资料、司法案例，并借鉴域外先进经验。研究发现，当前制度在保护债权人利益、促进交易安全方面存在不足，且难以适应现代社会复杂多变的经济环境。基于此，本文创新性地提出构建多元化的时效期间体系，优化时效起算规则，完善中止中断事由，引入善意保护机制等建议。这些改革措施不仅有助于解决现有制度缺陷，更能在平衡各方利益的基础上，为我国民事诉讼时效制度的现代化提供理论支持与实践指导，从而更好地服务于社会主义市场经济建设与发展。
关键词：民事诉讼时效制度；时效期间体系；起算规则
Abstract
The statute of limitations in civil litigation, as an integral component of the civil law system, plays a crucial role in maintaining social order and safeguarding the rights of parties involved. With the rapid development of the economy and society, the current statute of limitations faces numerous challenges, such as unreasonable limitation periods, ambiguous commencement criteria, and inflexible rules for suspension and interruption. This paper aims to systematically examine both domestic and international theories and practices, taking into account China's national conditions, to thoroughly analyze existing problems within the current system and propose reform recommendations. The study employs a combination of literature analysis, comparative research, and empirical investigation, collecting extensive legislative materials and judicial cases while drawing on advanced experiences from abroad. Findings indicate that the current system falls short in protecting creditors' interests and promoting transactional security, and it struggles to adapt to the complex and ever-changing modern economic environment. Based on these insights, this paper innovatively proposes establishing a diversified limitation period system, optimizing the commencement rules of limitation, refining grounds for suspension and interruption, and introducing a good faith protection mechanism. These reform measures not only address existing institutional deficiencies but also provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the modernization of China’s civil litigation statute of limitations, thereby better serving the construction and development of the socialist market economy.
Keywords：Civil Litigation Time-bar System; Period System; Calculation Rules
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状 1
(三) 研究方法概述 2
二、民事诉讼时效制度的基本理论 2
(一) 时效制度的历史沿革 2
(二) 时效制度的法理基础 3
(三) 时效制度的价值取向 4
三、当前民事诉讼时效制度的问题分析 4
(一) 制度设计的不合理之处 4
(二) 实践应用中的困境 5
(三) 对弱势群体权益的影响 6
四、民事诉讼时效制度改革与完善的建议 6
(一) 完善立法体系的建议 6
(二) 优化司法实践的措施 7
(三) 强化社会宣传与教育 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
民事诉讼时效制度作为民法体系的重要组成部分，对维护社会秩序和保障当事人权益具有关键意义。随着经济社会快速发展，现行诉讼时效制度面临诸多挑战，如时效期间设置不尽合理、起算点规定模糊、中止中断规则缺乏灵活性等。为此，本文旨在通过对国内外相关理论与实践的系统梳理，结合我国国情，深入剖析现行制度存在的问题并提出改革建议。研究采用文献分析、比较研究及实证调查相结合的方法，广泛收集立法资料、司法案例，并借鉴域外先进经验。研究发现，当前制度在保护债权人利益、促进交易安全方面存在不足，且难以适应现代社会复杂多变的经济环境。基于此，本文创新性地提出构建多元化的时效期间体系，优化时效起算规则，完善中止中断事由，引入善意保护机制等建议。这些改革措施不仅有助于解决现有制度缺陷，更能在平衡各方利益的基础上，为我国民事诉讼时效制度的现代化提供理论支持与实践指导，从而更好地服务于社会主义市场经济建设与发展。
关键词：民事诉讼时效制度；时效期间体系；起算规则
Abstract
The statute of limitations in civil litigation, as an integral component of the civil law system, plays a crucial role in maintaining social order and safeguarding the rights of parties involved. With the rapid development of the economy and society, the current statute of limitations faces numerous challenges, such as unreasonable limitation periods, ambiguous commencement criteria, and inflexible rules for suspension and interruption. This paper aims to systematically examine both domestic and international theories and practices, taking into account China's national conditions, to thoroughly analyze existing problems within the current system and propose reform recommendations. The study employs a combination of literature analysis, comparative research, and empirical investigation, collecting extensive legislative materials and judicial cases while drawing on advanced experiences from abroad. Findings indicate that the current system falls short in protecting creditors' interests and promoting transactional security, and it struggles to adapt to the complex and ever-changing modern economic environment. Based on these insights, this paper innovatively proposes establishing a diversified limitation period system, optimizing the commencement rules of limitation, refining grounds for suspension and interruption, and introducing a good faith protection mechanism. These reform measures not only address existing institutional deficiencies but also provide theoretical support and practical guidance for the modernization of China’s civil litigation statute of limitations, thereby better serving the construction and development of the socialist market economy.
Keywords：Civil Litigation Time-bar System; Period System; Calculation Rules
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状 1
(三) 研究方法概述 2
二、民事诉讼时效制度的基本理论 2
(一) 时效制度的历史沿革 2
(二) 时效制度的法理基础 3
(三) 时效制度的价值取向 4
三、当前民事诉讼时效制度的问题分析 4
(一) 制度设计的不合理之处 4
(二) 实践应用中的困境 5
(三) 对弱势群体权益的影响 6
四、民事诉讼时效制度改革与完善的建议 6
(一) 完善立法体系的建议 6
(二) 优化司法实践的措施 7
(三) 强化社会宣传与教育 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
