摘要
见义勇为作为社会道德的重要体现，其法律保护与责任豁免问题在《民法典》中得到了系统性规范。本研究以《民法典》相关条款为核心，结合国内外立法经验与司法实践，探讨见义勇为行为的法律界定、保护机制及责任豁免规则，旨在构建更加完善的法律保障体系。研究采用文献分析、比较法研究和案例分析相结合的方法，深入剖析现行法律框架下见义勇为行为的适用范围及其可能引发的法律争议。研究表明，《民法典》第183条和第184条分别确立了见义勇为者的损害补偿权与免责原则，为解决“扶不扶”“救不救”等社会热点问题提供了明确的法律依据。同时，研究发现现行规定在具体实施中仍存在细化空间，例如对“合理施救”的标准界定尚需进一步明确。本研究的创新点在于从理论与实践双重维度出发，提出通过完善配套制度和司法解释来增强法律适用的可操作性，并建议建立多元化的补偿机制以减轻见义勇为者的经济负担。研究的主要贡献在于为促进见义勇为行为的法律保护与社会责任平衡提供了建设性思路，有助于弘扬社会主义核心价值观并推动法治社会建设。
关键词：见义勇为；《民法典》；责任豁免
Abstract
The act of upholding justice at personal risk, as an important manifestation of social morality, has been systematically regulated in the Civil Code regarding its legal protection and liability exemption. This study focuses on relevant provisions of the Civil Code, integrating domestic and international legislative experiences and judicial practices to explore the legal definition, protection mechanisms, and liability exemption rules for acts of upholding justice at personal risk, aiming to construct a more comprehensive legal safeguard system. By employing a combination of literature analysis, comparative legal studies, and case analysis, this research thoroughly examines the scope of application of such acts under the current legal fr amework and potential legal disputes they may engender. The findings indicate that Article 183 and Article 184 of the Civil Code respectively establish the right to compensation for damage and the principle of exemption from liability for those who uphold justice at personal risk, providing clear legal grounds for addressing societal hot-button issues like “whether to help” or “whether to rescue.” However, it is also found that existing regulations still have room for refinement in practical implementation, such as further clarification of standards for “reasonable rescue.” The innovation of this study lies in proposing improvements from both theoretical and practical perspectives, suggesting the enhancement of the operability of legal application through the perfection of supporting systems and judicial interpretations, and recommending the establishment of a diversified compensation mechanism to alleviate the economic burden on individuals who uphold justice at personal risk. The primary contribution of this research is to provide constructive ideas for promoting the balance between legal protection of acts of upholding justice at personal risk and social responsibility, which helps to promote socialist core values and advance the construction of a law-based society.
Keywords：Brave For Right; Civil Code; Liability Exemption
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状 1
(三) 研究方法概述 2
二、民法典中见义勇为的法律定义 2
(一) 见义勇为行为的概念界定 2
(二) 见义勇为的构成要件分析 3
(三) 见义勇为与其他相关行为的区分 3
三、见义勇为者的法律保护机制 4
(一) 见义勇为者的权益保障措施 4
(二) 政府对见义勇为的支持政策 5
(三) 社会对见义勇为者的援助体系 5
四、见义勇为的责任豁免制度 6
(一) 责任豁免的原则与范围 6
(二) 豁免条件的具体规定 7
(三) 责任豁免的例外情形 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
见义勇为作为社会道德的重要体现，其法律保护与责任豁免问题在《民法典》中得到了系统性规范。本研究以《民法典》相关条款为核心，结合国内外立法经验与司法实践，探讨见义勇为行为的法律界定、保护机制及责任豁免规则，旨在构建更加完善的法律保障体系。研究采用文献分析、比较法研究和案例分析相结合的方法，深入剖析现行法律框架下见义勇为行为的适用范围及其可能引发的法律争议。研究表明，《民法典》第183条和第184条分别确立了见义勇为者的损害补偿权与免责原则，为解决“扶不扶”“救不救”等社会热点问题提供了明确的法律依据。同时，研究发现现行规定在具体实施中仍存在细化空间，例如对“合理施救”的标准界定尚需进一步明确。本研究的创新点在于从理论与实践双重维度出发，提出通过完善配套制度和司法解释来增强法律适用的可操作性，并建议建立多元化的补偿机制以减轻见义勇为者的经济负担。研究的主要贡献在于为促进见义勇为行为的法律保护与社会责任平衡提供了建设性思路，有助于弘扬社会主义核心价值观并推动法治社会建设。
关键词：见义勇为；《民法典》；责任豁免
Abstract
The act of upholding justice at personal risk, as an important manifestation of social morality, has been systematically regulated in the Civil Code regarding its legal protection and liability exemption. This study focuses on relevant provisions of the Civil Code, integrating domestic and international legislative experiences and judicial practices to explore the legal definition, protection mechanisms, and liability exemption rules for acts of upholding justice at personal risk, aiming to construct a more comprehensive legal safeguard system. By employing a combination of literature analysis, comparative legal studies, and case analysis, this research thoroughly examines the scope of application of such acts under the current legal fr amework and potential legal disputes they may engender. The findings indicate that Article 183 and Article 184 of the Civil Code respectively establish the right to compensation for damage and the principle of exemption from liability for those who uphold justice at personal risk, providing clear legal grounds for addressing societal hot-button issues like “whether to help” or “whether to rescue.” However, it is also found that existing regulations still have room for refinement in practical implementation, such as further clarification of standards for “reasonable rescue.” The innovation of this study lies in proposing improvements from both theoretical and practical perspectives, suggesting the enhancement of the operability of legal application through the perfection of supporting systems and judicial interpretations, and recommending the establishment of a diversified compensation mechanism to alleviate the economic burden on individuals who uphold justice at personal risk. The primary contribution of this research is to provide constructive ideas for promoting the balance between legal protection of acts of upholding justice at personal risk and social responsibility, which helps to promote socialist core values and advance the construction of a law-based society.
Keywords：Brave For Right; Civil Code; Liability Exemption
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状 1
(三) 研究方法概述 2
二、民法典中见义勇为的法律定义 2
(一) 见义勇为行为的概念界定 2
(二) 见义勇为的构成要件分析 3
(三) 见义勇为与其他相关行为的区分 3
三、见义勇为者的法律保护机制 4
(一) 见义勇为者的权益保障措施 4
(二) 政府对见义勇为的支持政策 5
(三) 社会对见义勇为者的援助体系 5
四、见义勇为的责任豁免制度 6
(一) 责任豁免的原则与范围 6
(二) 豁免条件的具体规定 7
(三) 责任豁免的例外情形 7
结 论 9
参考文献 10
