摘 要
在人口老龄化日益严重的当下，老年人孤独感问题越发凸显，成为社会关注的焦点。本文旨在探讨老年人孤独感的现状、影响以及社会工作在预防和应对老年人孤独感中的有效策略。首先，通过阐述老年人孤独感的定义及其对身心健康的深远影响，包括增加患抑郁症和焦虑症的风险、加速认知退化过程以及对身体健康的负面影响，本文强调了研究老年人孤独感问题的重要性。接着，文章分析了老年人孤独感的现状，指出社会隔离的普遍性以及导致孤独感的多样化因素，如家庭结构变化、社会支持网络薄弱等，并探讨了老年孤独感所带来的多方面后果。在此基础上，文章从社会工作视角出发，深入剖析了老年人孤独感的社会根源，并提出了针对性的预防措施。为有效预防和应对老年人孤独感，本文提出了多维度、多层次的策略。预防方面，包括建立社区老年人社交活动平台、提供心理咨询与情感支持服务、促进跨代互动减少代际隔离，以及培训家庭成员进行有效陪伴与沟通等。在应对策略上，则强调了设立老年人心理援助热线、创新线上服务利用科技手段减少孤独感、加强社区志愿者服务以及开展家庭与社区的孤独感预防教育活动的重要性。
关键词：老年人孤独感；社会工作；社区服务
Abstract
In the context of increasingly severe population aging, the problem of loneliness among the elderly has become more prominent and has become a focus of social attention. This article aims to explore the current situation, impact, and effective strategies of social work in preventing and addressing loneliness among the elderly. Firstly, by elaborating on the definition of loneliness in the elderly and its profound impact on physical and mental health, including increased risk of depression and anxiety, accelerated cognitive decline, and negative effects on physical health, this article emphasizes the importance of studying the issue of loneliness in the elderly. Subsequently, the article analyzed the current situation of loneliness among the elderly, pointing out the prevalence of social isolation and the diverse factors that contribute to loneliness, such as changes in family structure and weak social support networks. It also explored the multifaceted consequences of loneliness in the elderly. On this basis, the article starts from the perspective of social work, deeply analyzes the social roots of loneliness among the elderly, and proposes targeted preventive measures. To effectively prevent and respond to loneliness among the elderly, this article proposes multidimensional and multi-level strategies. In terms of prevention, it includes establishing social activity platforms for elderly people in the community, providing psychological counseling and emotional support services, promoting intergenerational interaction to reduce intergenerational isolation, and training family members to effectively accompany and communicate. In terms of coping strategies, it emphasizes the importance of establishing a psychological assistance hotline for the elderly, innovating online services using technological means to reduce loneliness, strengthening community volunteer services, and conducting loneliness prevention education activities for families and communities.
Keywords： Elderly loneliness; Social work; community service
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、引言 1
二、相关概念阐述 2
（一）老年人孤独感的定义 2
（二）孤独感对老年人身心健康的影响 2
（三）社会工作视角下的老年人孤独感分析 3
三、老年人孤独感的现状分析 4
（一）社会隔离与孤独感的普遍性 4
（二）影响因素多样性 4
（三）老年孤独感带来的后果 4
四、社会工作在预防老年人孤独感中的策略 6
（一）建立社区老年人社交活动平台 6
（二）提供心理咨询与情感支持服务 6
（三）促进跨代互动减少代际隔离 6
（四）培训家庭成员进行有效的陪伴与沟通 7
五、社会工作在应对老年人孤独感中的策略 8
（一）设立专门的老年人心理援助热线 8
（二）创新线上服务利用科技减少孤独感 8
（三）加强社区志愿者服务提供定期陪伴 9
（四）开展家庭与社区的孤独感预防教育活动 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
