甜菜糖分积累机制及高糖品种选育研究
摘 要
甜菜作为重要的糖料作物，其糖分积累机制一直是农业科学研究的核心问题之一。近年来，随着全球糖业需求的增加，如何通过遗传改良提高甜菜的糖分含量成为亟待解决的课题。本研究旨在揭示甜菜糖分积累的分子机制，并基于此开发高糖品种选育的新策略。研究首先通过高通量测序技术对不同糖分含量的甜菜品种进行转录组分析，发现与糖代谢相关的多个关键基因在糖分积累过程中表现出显著的表达差异。进一步的功能验证表明，这些基因通过调控蔗糖合成、运输及储存等途径直接影响甜菜的糖分积累效率。此外，研究还结合表型筛选与分子标记辅助选择技术，成功筛选出一批具有高糖潜力的甜菜种质资源。通过对这些资源的遗传背景分析，发现多个与糖分含量显著相关的QTL位点，为后续的高糖品种选育提供了重要的遗传基础。
关键词：甜菜糖分积累；遗传改良；转录组分析
STUDY ON SUGAR ACCUMULATION MECHANISM AND BREEDING OF HIGH SUGAR VARIETIES
ABSTRACT
As an important sugar crop, the sugar accumulation mechanism of sugar beet has always been one of the core issues of agricultural scientific research. In recent years, with the increasing demand of the global sugar industry, how to improve the sugar content of sugar beet through genetic improvement has become an urgent problem to be solved. This study aims to reveal the molecular mechanism of accumulation of sugar sugar and develop new strategies for breeding high sugar varieties based on this. The study first performed the transc riptome analysis of sugar beet varieties with different sugar content by high-throughput sequencing technology, and found that multiple key genes related to sugar me tabolism showed significant ex pression differences during sugar accumulation. Further functional validation showed that these genes directly affect the sugar accumulation efficiency of sugar beet by regulating sucrose synthesis, transport and storage. In addition, we combined phenotypic screening with molecular marker-assisted selection technology to successfully selected a batch of sugar beet germplasm resources with high sugar potential. Analysis of the genetic background of these resources revealed multiple QTL loci significantly associated with sugar content, providing an important genetic basis for subsequent breeding of high-sugar cultivars.
KEY WORDS：Sugar content accumulation; genetic improvement; transc riptome analysis
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
1.3 研究进展与挑战 1
第2章 甜菜糖分积累的生理生化机制 3
2.1 甜菜光合作用与糖分积累的关系 3
2.2 甜菜蔗糖合成酶与糖分转运的调控机制 3
2.3 环境因素对甜菜糖分积累的影响分析 4
第3章 甜菜高糖品种的遗传基础与分子标记研究 5
3.1 甜菜高糖性状的遗传规律分析 5
3.2 基于分子标记的甜菜高糖基因定位研究 5
3.3 甜菜高糖品种选育中的关键基因筛选与功能验证 6
第4章 甜菜高糖品种选育的技术路径与实践应用 7
4.1 传统育种技术在甜菜高糖品种选育中的应用 7
4.2 现代生物技术在甜菜高糖品种选育中的创新应用 7
4.3 中国甜菜高糖品种选育的实践案例分析 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
摘 要
甜菜作为重要的糖料作物，其糖分积累机制一直是农业科学研究的核心问题之一。近年来，随着全球糖业需求的增加，如何通过遗传改良提高甜菜的糖分含量成为亟待解决的课题。本研究旨在揭示甜菜糖分积累的分子机制，并基于此开发高糖品种选育的新策略。研究首先通过高通量测序技术对不同糖分含量的甜菜品种进行转录组分析，发现与糖代谢相关的多个关键基因在糖分积累过程中表现出显著的表达差异。进一步的功能验证表明，这些基因通过调控蔗糖合成、运输及储存等途径直接影响甜菜的糖分积累效率。此外，研究还结合表型筛选与分子标记辅助选择技术，成功筛选出一批具有高糖潜力的甜菜种质资源。通过对这些资源的遗传背景分析，发现多个与糖分含量显著相关的QTL位点，为后续的高糖品种选育提供了重要的遗传基础。
关键词：甜菜糖分积累；遗传改良；转录组分析
STUDY ON SUGAR ACCUMULATION MECHANISM AND BREEDING OF HIGH SUGAR VARIETIES
ABSTRACT
As an important sugar crop, the sugar accumulation mechanism of sugar beet has always been one of the core issues of agricultural scientific research. In recent years, with the increasing demand of the global sugar industry, how to improve the sugar content of sugar beet through genetic improvement has become an urgent problem to be solved. This study aims to reveal the molecular mechanism of accumulation of sugar sugar and develop new strategies for breeding high sugar varieties based on this. The study first performed the transc riptome analysis of sugar beet varieties with different sugar content by high-throughput sequencing technology, and found that multiple key genes related to sugar me tabolism showed significant ex pression differences during sugar accumulation. Further functional validation showed that these genes directly affect the sugar accumulation efficiency of sugar beet by regulating sucrose synthesis, transport and storage. In addition, we combined phenotypic screening with molecular marker-assisted selection technology to successfully selected a batch of sugar beet germplasm resources with high sugar potential. Analysis of the genetic background of these resources revealed multiple QTL loci significantly associated with sugar content, providing an important genetic basis for subsequent breeding of high-sugar cultivars.
KEY WORDS：Sugar content accumulation; genetic improvement; transc riptome analysis
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
1.3 研究进展与挑战 1
第2章 甜菜糖分积累的生理生化机制 3
2.1 甜菜光合作用与糖分积累的关系 3
2.2 甜菜蔗糖合成酶与糖分转运的调控机制 3
2.3 环境因素对甜菜糖分积累的影响分析 4
第3章 甜菜高糖品种的遗传基础与分子标记研究 5
3.1 甜菜高糖性状的遗传规律分析 5
3.2 基于分子标记的甜菜高糖基因定位研究 5
3.3 甜菜高糖品种选育中的关键基因筛选与功能验证 6
第4章 甜菜高糖品种选育的技术路径与实践应用 7
4.1 传统育种技术在甜菜高糖品种选育中的应用 7
4.2 现代生物技术在甜菜高糖品种选育中的创新应用 7
4.3 中国甜菜高糖品种选育的实践案例分析 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
