摘 要
脑瘫儿童的康复教育是特殊教育领域的重要课题，其核心在于通过科学的教学计划提升儿童的功能能力和生活质量。本研究以个性化教学计划设计为切入点，旨在探索适合脑瘫儿童身心特点的教育干预模式。研究基于生态学视角和个别化教育理念，采用混合研究方法，通过问卷调查、深度访谈及案例分析相结合的方式，收集了来自15所特殊教育机构的200余名脑瘫儿童及其家庭的数据。结果表明，个性化教学计划能够显著改善脑瘫儿童的认知、运动和社会适应能力，并有效缓解家庭照护压力。本研究创新性地提出了“动态评估-目标设定-策略实施-效果反馈”的闭环式教学设计框架，强调多学科协作与家庭参与的重要性。该框架不仅提升了教学计划的针对性和实效性，还为特殊教育领域的理论发展提供了新思路，对推动脑瘫儿童康复教育的个性化实践具有重要参考价值。
关键词：脑瘫儿童；个性化教学计划；特殊教育
Abstract
The rehabilitation education of children with cerebral palsy is a critical issue in the field of special education, with its core focus being on enhancing children's functional abilities and quality of life through scientifically designed instructional plans. This study takes the design of individualized teaching plans as its entry point, aiming to explore an educational intervention model tailored to the physical and mental characteristics of children with cerebral palsy. Grounded in ecological perspectives and individualized education principles, a mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews, and case analyses to collect data from over 200 children with cerebral palsy and their families across 15 special education institutions. The findings indicate that individualized teaching plans can significantly improve cognitive, motor, and social adaptation skills in children with cerebral palsy while effectively alleviating caregiving pressures on families. Innovatively, this study proposes a closed-loop teaching design fr amework consisting of "dynamic assessment-goal setting-strategy implementation-effect feedback," emphasizing the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration and family involvement. This fr amework not only enhances the relevance and effectiveness of teaching plans but also provides new insights for theoretical development in the field of special education, offering significant reference value for promoting personalized practices in the rehabilitation education of children with cerebral palsy.
Keywords: Children With Cerebral Palsy；Individualized Education Plan；Special Education
目 录
一、绪论 1
（一）脑瘫儿童康复教育的背景与意义 1
（二）个性化教学计划设计的研究现状 1
二、脑瘫儿童个性化教学需求分析 1
（一）脑瘫儿童的认知与学习特点 2
（二）教学需求的评估与识别方法 2
（三）需求分析在教学计划中的应用 3
三、个性化教学计划的设计原则与框架 3
（一）设计原则的理论基础 3
（二）核心框架构建与要素分析 4
（三）实践中框架的优化与调整 4
四、个性化教学计划的实施策略与案例研究 5
（一）教学策略的选择与匹配 5
（二）具体案例分析与效果评价 5
（三）实施过程中的问题与解决对策 6
结 论 6
致 谢 8
参考文献 9
