摘 要
智力障碍学生的教育与就业问题日益受到社会关注，本研究旨在构建系统化的职业教育与就业支持体系，以提升该群体的就业能力和社会融入水平。研究基于特殊教育理论和职业发展理论，结合问卷调查、深度访谈及案例分析等方法，对我国部分地区智力障碍学生的职业教育现状及就业支持机制进行了深入探讨。结果表明，当前职业教育存在课程设计单一、实践机会不足以及就业支持服务缺乏连续性等问题。为此，研究提出以个性化职业规划为核心，整合学校、家庭和社会资源的综合支持框架，并强调技术赋能与政策保障的重要性。创新点在于首次将“全生涯支持”理念引入智力障碍学生的职业教育领域，为相关政策制定和实践优化提供了理论参考和实证依据，有助于推动特殊职业教育体系的完善与发展。
关键词：智力障碍学生；职业教育；就业支持
Abstract
The education and employment of students with intellectual disabilities have increasingly drawn societal attention. This study aims to construct a systematic fr amework for vocational education and employment support to enhance the employability and social integration of this population. Grounded in special education theory and career development theory, the research employs a combination of questionnaire surveys, in-depth interviews, and case analyses to explore the current state of vocational education and employment support mechanisms for students with intellectual disabilities in selected regions of China. The findings reveal several challenges, including单一 course design, insufficient practical opportunities, and a lack of continuity in employment support services. In response, this study proposes an integrated support fr amework centered on personalized career planning, emphasizing the coordination of resources from schools, families, and society. It highlights the significance of technology-enabled empowerment and policy-based safeguards. A key innovation lies in the introduction of the "lifelong support" concept into the vocational education domain for students with intellectual disabilities, providing theoretical references and empirical evidence for policy formulation and practice optimization. This contributes to the advancement and refinement of the special vocational education system.
Keywords: Intellectual Disability Students；Vocational Education；Employment Support
目 录
一、绪论 1
（一）研究背景与意义 1
（二）国内外研究现状分析 1
二、智力障碍学生职业教育体系构建 1
（一）职业教育需求分析 2
（二）教育内容与课程设计 2
（三）实施路径与支持策略 2
三、就业支持体系的关键要素 3
（一）政策保障机制研究 3
（二）企业合作模式探索 4
（三）社会资源整合方式 4
四、实践案例与效果评估 5
（一）典型实践案例分析 5
（二）支持体系的效果评价 5
（三）存在问题与改进建议 6
结 论 6
致 谢 7
参考文献 8
