摘 要：随着全球化和数字经济的快速发展，数据跨境传输已成为个人信息保护领域的重要议题。本研究旨在探讨数据跨境传输中的法律问题，分析各国监管框架的异同，并提出优化建议。通过文献分析、比较法研究及案例剖析等方法，本文系统梳理了当前国际上关于数据跨境传输的主要法律制度，揭示了其在隐私保护与商业便利之间的张力。研究发现，不同国家和地区在数据保护标准、执法机制以及国际合作方面存在显著差异，这导致了跨境数据流动的法律障碍。本文创新性地提出了基于风险评估的数据跨境传输分级管理模式，强调技术手段与法律规范的结合，以实现更高效的合规路径。研究成果为完善我国相关立法提供了参考，同时促进了全球数据治理的合作与发展。
关键词：数据跨境传输；个人信息保护；法律障碍
Abstract：With the rapid development of globalization and the digital economy, cross-border data transmission has become a critical issue in the field of personal information protection. This study aims to explore the legal challenges associated with cross-border data transmission, analyze the similarities and differences among regulatory fr ameworks in various countries, and propose optimization recommendations. By employing methods such as literature analysis, comparative legal research, and case studies, this paper systematically reviews the primary legal regimes governing cross-border data transmission on an international scale, highlighting the tension between privacy protection and commercial convenience. The research reveals significant disparities among countries and regions regarding data protection standards, enforcement mechanisms, and international cooperation, which have led to legal barriers in cross-border data flows. Innovatively, this paper proposes a risk-assessment-based tiered management model for cross-border data transmission, emphasizing the integration of technical tools with legal norms to achieve more efficient compliance pathways. The findings provide valuable references for improving relevant legislation in China and contribute to fostering global cooperation and development in data governance.
引言 1
一、数据跨境传输的法律框架构建 1
(一)数据跨境传输的基本概念 1
(二)国际数据流动的法律原则 2
(三)主要国家的法律框架对比 2
二、个人信息保护的核心法律问题 3
(一)个人信息权益的法律界定 3
(二)跨境传输中的隐私风险分析 3
(三)法律合规与企业责任 4
三、数据跨境传输的监管机制研究 4
(一)国际监管合作模式探讨 4
(二)数据本地化政策的影响评估 5
(三)监管技术手段的应用与发展 5
四、法律冲突与解决方案探索 5
(一)不同法域间的法律冲突分析 6
(二)国际条约的作用与局限性 6
(三)和谐化路径的设计与实施 6
结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 8
关键词：数据跨境传输；个人信息保护；法律障碍
Abstract：With the rapid development of globalization and the digital economy, cross-border data transmission has become a critical issue in the field of personal information protection. This study aims to explore the legal challenges associated with cross-border data transmission, analyze the similarities and differences among regulatory fr ameworks in various countries, and propose optimization recommendations. By employing methods such as literature analysis, comparative legal research, and case studies, this paper systematically reviews the primary legal regimes governing cross-border data transmission on an international scale, highlighting the tension between privacy protection and commercial convenience. The research reveals significant disparities among countries and regions regarding data protection standards, enforcement mechanisms, and international cooperation, which have led to legal barriers in cross-border data flows. Innovatively, this paper proposes a risk-assessment-based tiered management model for cross-border data transmission, emphasizing the integration of technical tools with legal norms to achieve more efficient compliance pathways. The findings provide valuable references for improving relevant legislation in China and contribute to fostering global cooperation and development in data governance.
Keywords: Data Cross-Border Transmission；Personal Information Protection；Legal Obstacles
引言 1
一、数据跨境传输的法律框架构建 1
(一)数据跨境传输的基本概念 1
(二)国际数据流动的法律原则 2
(三)主要国家的法律框架对比 2
二、个人信息保护的核心法律问题 3
(一)个人信息权益的法律界定 3
(二)跨境传输中的隐私风险分析 3
(三)法律合规与企业责任 4
三、数据跨境传输的监管机制研究 4
(一)国际监管合作模式探讨 4
(二)数据本地化政策的影响评估 5
(三)监管技术手段的应用与发展 5
四、法律冲突与解决方案探索 5
(一)不同法域间的法律冲突分析 6
(二)国际条约的作用与局限性 6
(三)和谐化路径的设计与实施 6
结论 7
参考文献 8
致谢 8
