摘 要：随着社会财富增长与人口老龄化加剧，遗嘱在财产继承中的重要性日益凸显，但因遗嘱见证人资格问题引发的争议频发，影响了遗嘱真实性的认定。本研究旨在通过系统分析遗嘱见证人的法律资格及其对遗嘱真实性的影响，为完善相关法律制度提供理论支持。研究采用文献分析、案例比较与实证调查相结合的方法，梳理国内外关于遗嘱见证人资格的规定，并结合司法实践探讨现行法律存在的不足。研究表明，现行法律对遗嘱见证人资格的界定存在模糊地带，且缺乏对特殊情形下见证效力的具体规范，这可能导致遗嘱真实性难以有效判定。本研究创新性地提出构建分级分类的见证人资格体系，并引入技术辅助手段以增强遗嘱真实性认定的客观性。研究成果不仅有助于优化我国遗嘱见证制度，还为司法实践中相关争议的解决提供了参考依据，具有重要的理论价值和实践意义。
关键词：遗嘱见证人；法律资格；真实性认定
Abstract：With the growth of social wealth and the intensification of population aging, the importance of wills in inheritance has become increasingly prominent. However, disputes arising from issues related to the qualifications of will witnesses have occurred frequently, affecting the determination of the authenticity of wills. This study aims to systematically analyze the legal qualifications of will witnesses and their impact on the authenticity of wills, providing theoretical support for improving relevant legal systems. By employing a combination of literature analysis, case comparison, and empirical investigation, this research examines domestic and international regulations concerning the qualifications of will witnesses and explores deficiencies in current laws through judicial practice. The findings indicate that the definition of witness qualifications under existing laws contains ambiguous areas and lacks specific norms for special circumstances, which may hinder the effective determination of will authenticity. Innovatively, this study proposes the establishment of a tiered and categorized system for witness qualifications and introduces technology-assisted methods to enhance the ob jectivity of determining will authenticity. The research outcomes not only contribute to optimizing China's will witnessing system but also provide reference for resolving related disputes in judicial practice, demonstrating significant theoretical and practical implications.
引言 1
一、遗嘱见证人资格的法律界定 1
(一)法律对见证人资格的规定 1
(二)不适格见证人的类型分析 2
(三)见证人资格争议的司法实践 2
二、遗嘱真实性认定的基本原则 3
(一)遗嘱真实性的法律意义 3
(二)真实性认定的核心要素 3
(三)司法实践中真实性判定标准 4
三、见证人资格对遗嘱效力的影响 4
(一)见证人资格与遗嘱形式要件 4
(二)不适格见证人导致的遗嘱无效情形 5
(三)见证人资格瑕疵的补救机制 5
四、遗嘱真实性认定中的证据规则 6
(一)遗嘱真实性认定的证据种类 6
(二)证据规则在遗嘱案件中的适用 6
(三)特殊情况下真实性认定的处理 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
关键词：遗嘱见证人；法律资格；真实性认定
Abstract：With the growth of social wealth and the intensification of population aging, the importance of wills in inheritance has become increasingly prominent. However, disputes arising from issues related to the qualifications of will witnesses have occurred frequently, affecting the determination of the authenticity of wills. This study aims to systematically analyze the legal qualifications of will witnesses and their impact on the authenticity of wills, providing theoretical support for improving relevant legal systems. By employing a combination of literature analysis, case comparison, and empirical investigation, this research examines domestic and international regulations concerning the qualifications of will witnesses and explores deficiencies in current laws through judicial practice. The findings indicate that the definition of witness qualifications under existing laws contains ambiguous areas and lacks specific norms for special circumstances, which may hinder the effective determination of will authenticity. Innovatively, this study proposes the establishment of a tiered and categorized system for witness qualifications and introduces technology-assisted methods to enhance the ob jectivity of determining will authenticity. The research outcomes not only contribute to optimizing China's will witnessing system but also provide reference for resolving related disputes in judicial practice, demonstrating significant theoretical and practical implications.
Keywords: Will Witness；Legal Qualification；Authenticity Determination
引言 1
一、遗嘱见证人资格的法律界定 1
(一)法律对见证人资格的规定 1
(二)不适格见证人的类型分析 2
(三)见证人资格争议的司法实践 2
二、遗嘱真实性认定的基本原则 3
(一)遗嘱真实性的法律意义 3
(二)真实性认定的核心要素 3
(三)司法实践中真实性判定标准 4
三、见证人资格对遗嘱效力的影响 4
(一)见证人资格与遗嘱形式要件 4
(二)不适格见证人导致的遗嘱无效情形 5
(三)见证人资格瑕疵的补救机制 5
四、遗嘱真实性认定中的证据规则 6
(一)遗嘱真实性认定的证据种类 6
(二)证据规则在遗嘱案件中的适用 6
(三)特殊情况下真实性认定的处理 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
