摘 要：融合教育在幼儿教育中的应用日益受到关注，本研究旨在探讨融合教育在幼儿教育领域的实践模式、面临挑战及优化路径。通过对国内外相关文献的系统梳理，并结合对10所幼儿园的实地调研和30位教师的深度访谈，分析了当前我国幼儿融合教育的现状与问题。研究发现，融合教育有助于促进特殊需求儿童的社会融入，但实践中存在师资培训不足、支持体系不完善、家长认知偏差等问题。创新性地提出了构建“家-园-社”协同育人机制，强调通过专业培训提升教师能力，建立个性化教育方案，形成全社会共同参与的良好氛围。本研究为推进我国幼儿融合教育提供了理论依据和实践参考，对于完善幼儿教育体系、促进教育公平具有重要意义。
关键词：融合教育；幼儿教育；师资培训
Abstract：Inclusive education in early childhood education is gaining increasing attention. This study aims to explore the practical models, challenges, and optimization paths of inclusive education in the field of early childhood education. Through a systematic review of relevant domestic and international literature, combined with field research in 10 kindergartens and in-depth interviews with 30 teachers, this study analyzes the current status and issues of inclusive education for young children in China. The findings indicate that inclusive education facilitates the social integration of children with special needs; however, there are challenges such as inadequate teacher training, an imperfect support system, and parental misconceptions. Innovatively, this study proposes the construction of a collaborative nurturing mechanism involving families, kindergartens, and communities, emphasizing the enhancement of teacher competence through professional training, the establishment of individualized education plans, and the creation of a positive atmosphere with societal participation. This research provides theoretical foundations and practical references for advancing inclusive education in early childhood in China, which is significant for improving the early childhood education system and promoting educational equity.
引言 1
一、融合教育的理论基础与内涵 1
(一)融合教育的概念界定 1
(二)幼儿教育中的融合理念 2
(三)国内外研究现状综述 2
二、融合教育在幼儿教育中的应用模式 3
(一)教育环境的构建 3
(二)课程体系的设计 3
(三)教学方法的选择 4
三、融合教育对幼儿发展的影响 4
(一)社交能力的提升 4
(二)认知发展的促进 5
(三)情感态度的塑造 5
四、融合教育面临的挑战及应对策略 6
(一)师资队伍建设 6
(二)家庭社会支持 7
(三)政策制度保障 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
关键词：融合教育；幼儿教育；师资培训
Abstract：Inclusive education in early childhood education is gaining increasing attention. This study aims to explore the practical models, challenges, and optimization paths of inclusive education in the field of early childhood education. Through a systematic review of relevant domestic and international literature, combined with field research in 10 kindergartens and in-depth interviews with 30 teachers, this study analyzes the current status and issues of inclusive education for young children in China. The findings indicate that inclusive education facilitates the social integration of children with special needs; however, there are challenges such as inadequate teacher training, an imperfect support system, and parental misconceptions. Innovatively, this study proposes the construction of a collaborative nurturing mechanism involving families, kindergartens, and communities, emphasizing the enhancement of teacher competence through professional training, the establishment of individualized education plans, and the creation of a positive atmosphere with societal participation. This research provides theoretical foundations and practical references for advancing inclusive education in early childhood in China, which is significant for improving the early childhood education system and promoting educational equity.
Keywords: Inclusive Education；Early Childhood Education；Teacher Training
引言 1
一、融合教育的理论基础与内涵 1
(一)融合教育的概念界定 1
(二)幼儿教育中的融合理念 2
(三)国内外研究现状综述 2
二、融合教育在幼儿教育中的应用模式 3
(一)教育环境的构建 3
(二)课程体系的设计 3
(三)教学方法的选择 4
三、融合教育对幼儿发展的影响 4
(一)社交能力的提升 4
(二)认知发展的促进 5
(三)情感态度的塑造 5
四、融合教育面临的挑战及应对策略 6
(一)师资队伍建设 6
(二)家庭社会支持 7
(三)政策制度保障 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
