摘 要
干旱是制约玉米产量和品质的重要非生物胁迫因素，为提高玉米抗旱性，众多学者开展了遗传改良研究。本研究旨在通过整合现代分子生物学技术与传统育种手段，系统评估玉米抗旱性的遗传基础及改良策略。基于全基因组关联分析、转录组测序等方法，鉴定了多个与抗旱性相关的候选基因，并构建了抗旱性状的遗传网络模型。研究发现，通过导入特定基因片段可显著增强玉米植株在干旱条件下的存活率和产量稳定性，特别是ZmDREB2A和ZmNAC等转录因子表现出优异的抗旱效果。同时，利用基因编辑技术创制的新种质材料，在田间试验中表现出良好的适应性和增产潜力。然而，当前研究仍面临诸多挑战，如复杂环境互作机制尚未完全阐明，多基因协同调控网络有待深入解析。
关键词：玉米抗旱性；全基因组关联分析；转录因子
ABSTRACT
Drought is an important abiotic stress factor restricting the yield and quality of maize. In order to improve the drought resistance of maize, many scholars have carried out genetic improvement research. This study aims to systematically assess the genetic basis and improvement strategies of maize drought resistance by integrating modern molecular biology techniques with traditional breeding methods. Based on genome-wide association analysis and transc riptome sequencing, several candidate genes associated with drought resistance were identified and a genetic network model for drought resistance traits was constructed. It was found that the survival rate and yield stability of maize plants under drought conditions were significantly enhanced by introducing specific gene fragments, especially the transc ription factors such as ZmDREB2A and ZmNAC showed excellent drought resistance. At the same time, the new germplasm materials created by gene editing technology showed good adaptability and yield increase potential in the field experiments. However, the current research still faces many challenges, such as the mechanism of complex environmental interaction has not been fully elucidated, and the multigene cooperative regulatory network needs to be further analyzed.
KEY WORDS：Drought resistance in maize; genome-wide association analysis; transc ription factors
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 玉米抗旱性遗传基础 3
2.1 抗旱相关基因定位 3
2.2 抗旱性状遗传规律 3
2.3 抗旱基因功能解析 4
第3章 抗旱性遗传改良技术 5
3.1 传统育种技术应用 5
3.2 分子标记辅助选择 5
3.3 基因编辑技术进展 6
第4章 抗旱品种选育实践 7
4.1 优良抗旱种质筛选 7
4.2 抗旱品种培育案例 7
4.3 抗旱性评价体系构建 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
干旱是制约玉米产量和品质的重要非生物胁迫因素，为提高玉米抗旱性，众多学者开展了遗传改良研究。本研究旨在通过整合现代分子生物学技术与传统育种手段，系统评估玉米抗旱性的遗传基础及改良策略。基于全基因组关联分析、转录组测序等方法，鉴定了多个与抗旱性相关的候选基因，并构建了抗旱性状的遗传网络模型。研究发现，通过导入特定基因片段可显著增强玉米植株在干旱条件下的存活率和产量稳定性，特别是ZmDREB2A和ZmNAC等转录因子表现出优异的抗旱效果。同时，利用基因编辑技术创制的新种质材料，在田间试验中表现出良好的适应性和增产潜力。然而，当前研究仍面临诸多挑战，如复杂环境互作机制尚未完全阐明，多基因协同调控网络有待深入解析。
关键词：玉米抗旱性；全基因组关联分析；转录因子
ABSTRACT
Drought is an important abiotic stress factor restricting the yield and quality of maize. In order to improve the drought resistance of maize, many scholars have carried out genetic improvement research. This study aims to systematically assess the genetic basis and improvement strategies of maize drought resistance by integrating modern molecular biology techniques with traditional breeding methods. Based on genome-wide association analysis and transc riptome sequencing, several candidate genes associated with drought resistance were identified and a genetic network model for drought resistance traits was constructed. It was found that the survival rate and yield stability of maize plants under drought conditions were significantly enhanced by introducing specific gene fragments, especially the transc ription factors such as ZmDREB2A and ZmNAC showed excellent drought resistance. At the same time, the new germplasm materials created by gene editing technology showed good adaptability and yield increase potential in the field experiments. However, the current research still faces many challenges, such as the mechanism of complex environmental interaction has not been fully elucidated, and the multigene cooperative regulatory network needs to be further analyzed.
KEY WORDS：Drought resistance in maize; genome-wide association analysis; transc ription factors
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 玉米抗旱性遗传基础 3
2.1 抗旱相关基因定位 3
2.2 抗旱性状遗传规律 3
2.3 抗旱基因功能解析 4
第3章 抗旱性遗传改良技术 5
3.1 传统育种技术应用 5
3.2 分子标记辅助选择 5
3.3 基因编辑技术进展 6
第4章 抗旱品种选育实践 7
4.1 优良抗旱种质筛选 7
4.2 抗旱品种培育案例 7
4.3 抗旱性评价体系构建 8
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
