摘 要
本研究聚焦小学美术教育中审美能力培养这一核心议题，针对当前美术教学中普遍存在的重技能轻审美、评价体系单一等问题展开深入探讨。研究采用行动研究法、问卷调查法和课堂观察法相结合的方式，选取三所城市小学作为研究对象，通过为期两年的教学实践与跟踪调查，系统探索了小学生审美能力培养的有效策略。研究发现，基于生活情境的审美体验教学、跨学科融合的美术课程设计以及多元化的评价体系能够显著提升学生的审美感知力、鉴赏力和创造力。创新性地提出了"三维一体"的审美能力培养模式，即通过视觉感知训练、情感体验引导和创造性表达三个维度的有机结合，促进学生审美能力的全面发展。研究结果表明，实验组学生在色彩感知、构图理解和艺术表现力等方面均显著优于对照组，且这种提升具有持续性和迁移性。本研究为小学美术教育改革提供了理论依据和实践指导，对构建以美育人的新型美术教育体系具有重要参考价值。
关键词：小学美术教育；审美能力培养；三维一体模式
Research on the strategy of cultivating students' aesthetic ability in primary art education
Xing Ming
(×× School, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, 455002)
Abstract：This study focuses on the core issue of aesthetic ability cultivation in art education in primary schools, and makes an in-depth discussion on the common problems in art teaching such as valuing skills over aesthetics and single evaluation system. The research adopted the method of action research, questionnaire survey and classroom observation, selected three urban primary schools as the research ob jects, and systematically explored the effective strategies for the cultivation of pupils' aesthetic ability through two-year teaching practice and follow-up investigation. It is found that aesthetic experience teaching based on life situation, interdisciplinary art course design and diversified evaluation system can significantly improve students' aesthetic perception, appreciation and creativity. This paper innovatively puts forward the "three-dimensional integration" aesthetic ability cultivation mode, that is, through the organic combination of visual perception training, emotional experience guidance and creative ex pression, to promote the all-round development of students' aesthetic ability. The results show that the experimental group is significantly better than the control group in color perception. This study provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the reform of art education in primary schools, and has important reference value for constructing a new art education system based on aesthetics.
Key words：art education in primary school; Aesthetic ability cultivation; Three-dimensional integrated model
目 录
摘 要 1
一、小学美术教育中审美能力培养的理论基础 1
（一）审美能力的内涵与构成要素 1
（二）小学生审美心理发展特征 1
（三）美术教育与审美能力培养的关系 2
二、小学美术教学中审美能力培养现状分析 2
（一）当前小学美术教学的主要模式 2
（二）审美能力培养存在的问题与不足 2
（三）影响学生审美能力发展的关键因素 3
三、小学美术教育中审美能力培养的策略构建 3
（一）基于视觉感知的观察力培养策略 3
（二）依托艺术作品的鉴赏力提升策略 4
（三）通过创作实践的创造力激发策略 4
四、小学美术教育中审美能力培养的实施路径 5
（一）优化课堂教学设计的具体方法 5
（二）开发校本课程资源的创新思路 5
（三）构建多元评价体系的实践探索 5
五、结论 6
参考文献 7
