摘 要
本研究聚焦小学英语课堂中教师互动行为对学生口语表达能力的影响，采用混合研究方法，通过课堂观察、问卷调查和口语测试等工具，对某市6所小学的12名英语教师及其所教的360名学生进行了为期一学期的跟踪研究。研究发现，教师的提问策略、反馈方式和等待时间等互动要素显著影响学生的口语输出质量。具体而言，开放式问题较封闭式问题更能激发学生的高阶思维表达；积极反馈与建设性建议相结合的方式有助于提升学生的语言准确性和流利度；适度的等待时间为学生提供了充分的思考和组织语言的机会。研究创新性地构建了"教师互动-学生参与-口语发展"的理论模型，揭示了课堂互动与学生口语能力发展的内在机制。基于实证数据，提出了优化教师课堂互动的具体策略：设计层次性提问序列、实施差异化反馈、创设真实交际情境等。这些发现为改进小学英语课堂教学实践提供了理论依据和实践指导，对促进小学生英语口语能力的可持续发展具有重要启示意义。
关键词：小学英语课堂；教师互动行为；口语表达能力
A study on classroom interaction of primary school English teachers and the cultivation of students' oral ex pression ability
Xing Ming
(×× School, Anyang Normal University, Anyang, 455002)
Abstract：This study focuses on the influence of teacher interaction on students' oral ex pression ability in primary school English classroom. By means of classroom observation, questionnaire survey, oral test and other tools, 12 English teachers and 360 students in 6 primary schools in a certain city were followed up for one semester. It is found that interactive factors such as teachers' questioning strategies, feedback methods and waiting time significantly affect students' oral output quality. Specifically, open questions can stimulate students' higher order thinking ex pression more than closed questions; The combination of positive feedback and constructive suggestions helps to improve students' language accuracy and fluency. Moderate waiting time provides students with ample opportunity to think and organize their language. This study innovatively constructs a theoretical model of "teacher interaction - student participation - oral language development" and reveals the internal mechanism of classroom interaction and students' oral language ability development. Based on the empirical data, this paper puts forward the specific strategies to optimize teachers' classroom interaction, such as designing hierarchical questioning sequence, implementing differentiated feedback, and creating real communication situations. These findings provide theoretical basis and practical guidance for improving primary school English classroom teaching practice, and have important implications for promoting the sustainable development of primary school students' oral English ability.
Key words：primary school English classroom; Teacher interaction behavior; Oral ex pression ability
目 录
摘要 1
一、小学英语课堂互动现状分析 1
（一）课堂互动的主要形式与特点 1
（二）教师互动行为的影响因素 1
（三）学生参与互动的现状调查 2
二、课堂互动对学生口语能力的影响机制 2
（一）互动频率与口语表达的关系 2
（二）互动质量对语言输出的影响 3
（三）不同互动模式的效果比较 3
三、教师课堂互动的优化策略 3
（一）提问技巧的改进方法 3
（二）反馈机制的完善措施 4
（三）情境创设的有效途径 4
四、基于互动的口语能力培养模式构建 5
（一）分层教学中的互动设计 5
（二）任务型教学法的应用实践 5
（三）评价体系的创新探索 5
五、结论 6
参考文献 7
