水生动物寄生虫病的种类及防控研究
摘 要
水生动物寄生虫病是水产养殖业面临的重要挑战，对养殖效益和生态环境构成严重威胁。本研究旨在系统梳理水生动物寄生虫病的种类及其防控策略，为水产养殖业的可持续发展提供科学依据。通过文献综述、实地调查和实验分析相结合的方法，研究团队对中国主要水产养殖区域的寄生虫病进行了全面调查，重点分析了常见寄生虫的种类、感染机制及流行规律。研究发现，中国水产养殖中常见的寄生虫主要包括单殖吸虫、复殖吸虫、绦虫和原生动物等，其中单殖吸虫在淡水鱼类中的感染率最高，达到35%以上。针对不同寄生虫的生物学特性，研究提出了基于生态调控、药物防治和免疫预防的综合防控策略。创新性地开发了一种基于植物提取物的绿色驱虫剂，实验表明其对单殖吸虫的驱除效果显著，且对水环境无污染。此外，研究还构建了寄生虫病预警模型，通过监测水质和宿主健康状况实现早期预警。结果表明，综合防控措施可有效降低寄生虫感染率，提高养殖效益。
关键词：水生动物；综合防控策略；绿色驱虫剂
STUDY ON THE SPECIES AND PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF PARASITIC DISEASES IN AQUATIC ANIMALS
ABSTRACT
Parasitic disease of aquatic animals is an important challenge for aquaculture industry and poses a serious threat to aquaculture benefits and ecological environment. This study aims to systematically comb out the types of parasitic diseases in aquatic animals and their prevention and control strategies, so as to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development of aquaculture industry. Through a combination of literature review, field investigation and experimental analysis, the research team conducted a comprehensive investigation of parasitic diseases in major aquaculture areas in China, focusing on the species, infection mechanisms and epidemic rules of common parasites. The study found that the common parasites in Chinese aquaculture mainly include monocytes, colonocytes, tapeworms and protozoa, among which the number of monoconocytes has the highest infection rate in freshwater fish, reaching more than 35%. According to the biological characteristics of different parasites, we propose comprehensive prevention and control strategies based on ecological regulation, drug control and immune prevention. A green insect repellent based on plant extract was innovatively developed for moniasis and has no pollution to water environment. In addition, the study also constructed a warning model of parasitic diseases to achieve early warning by monitoring water quality and host health. The results show that the comprehensive prevention and control measures can effectively reduce the parasitic infection rate and improve the breeding efficiency.
KEY WORDS：Aquatic animals; comprehensive prevention and control strategy; green insect repellent
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
第2章 水生动物寄生虫病的种类及分布 2
2.1 常见寄生虫病的分类特征 2
2.2 寄生虫病的地理分布规律 2
2.3 中国主要水域的寄生虫病现状 3
第3章 水生动物寄生虫病的传播机制 4
3.1 寄生虫的生命周期与宿主关系 4
3.2 环境因素对传播的影响 4
3.3 人类活动与寄生虫病扩散 5
第4章 水生动物寄生虫病的防控策略 6
4.1 生物防治技术的应用与发展 6
4.2 化学药物的合理使用与管理 6
4.3 综合防控体系的构建与实践 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
摘 要
水生动物寄生虫病是水产养殖业面临的重要挑战，对养殖效益和生态环境构成严重威胁。本研究旨在系统梳理水生动物寄生虫病的种类及其防控策略，为水产养殖业的可持续发展提供科学依据。通过文献综述、实地调查和实验分析相结合的方法，研究团队对中国主要水产养殖区域的寄生虫病进行了全面调查，重点分析了常见寄生虫的种类、感染机制及流行规律。研究发现，中国水产养殖中常见的寄生虫主要包括单殖吸虫、复殖吸虫、绦虫和原生动物等，其中单殖吸虫在淡水鱼类中的感染率最高，达到35%以上。针对不同寄生虫的生物学特性，研究提出了基于生态调控、药物防治和免疫预防的综合防控策略。创新性地开发了一种基于植物提取物的绿色驱虫剂，实验表明其对单殖吸虫的驱除效果显著，且对水环境无污染。此外，研究还构建了寄生虫病预警模型，通过监测水质和宿主健康状况实现早期预警。结果表明，综合防控措施可有效降低寄生虫感染率，提高养殖效益。
关键词：水生动物；综合防控策略；绿色驱虫剂
STUDY ON THE SPECIES AND PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF PARASITIC DISEASES IN AQUATIC ANIMALS
ABSTRACT
Parasitic disease of aquatic animals is an important challenge for aquaculture industry and poses a serious threat to aquaculture benefits and ecological environment. This study aims to systematically comb out the types of parasitic diseases in aquatic animals and their prevention and control strategies, so as to provide a scientific basis for the sustainable development of aquaculture industry. Through a combination of literature review, field investigation and experimental analysis, the research team conducted a comprehensive investigation of parasitic diseases in major aquaculture areas in China, focusing on the species, infection mechanisms and epidemic rules of common parasites. The study found that the common parasites in Chinese aquaculture mainly include monocytes, colonocytes, tapeworms and protozoa, among which the number of monoconocytes has the highest infection rate in freshwater fish, reaching more than 35%. According to the biological characteristics of different parasites, we propose comprehensive prevention and control strategies based on ecological regulation, drug control and immune prevention. A green insect repellent based on plant extract was innovatively developed for moniasis and has no pollution to water environment. In addition, the study also constructed a warning model of parasitic diseases to achieve early warning by monitoring water quality and host health. The results show that the comprehensive prevention and control measures can effectively reduce the parasitic infection rate and improve the breeding efficiency.
KEY WORDS：Aquatic animals; comprehensive prevention and control strategy; green insect repellent
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
第2章 水生动物寄生虫病的种类及分布 2
2.1 常见寄生虫病的分类特征 2
2.2 寄生虫病的地理分布规律 2
2.3 中国主要水域的寄生虫病现状 3
第3章 水生动物寄生虫病的传播机制 4
3.1 寄生虫的生命周期与宿主关系 4
3.2 环境因素对传播的影响 4
3.3 人类活动与寄生虫病扩散 5
第4章 水生动物寄生虫病的防控策略 6
4.1 生物防治技术的应用与发展 6
4.2 化学药物的合理使用与管理 6
4.3 综合防控体系的构建与实践 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
