蔬菜连作障碍机制及土壤修复技术研究
摘 要
蔬菜连作障碍是制约设施农业可持续发展的关键问题，其机制复杂且修复难度大。本研究以中国主要设施蔬菜产区为研究对象，系统探讨了连作障碍的形成机制及土壤修复技术。通过田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法，重点研究了连作条件下土壤微生物群落结构变化、根系分泌物累积及其对植物生长的抑制作用。研究发现，长期连作导致土壤微生物多样性显著降低，病原菌相对丰度增加，有益菌群比例下降；同时，根系分泌物中酚酸类物质积累明显，抑制了作物根系发育和养分吸收。基于此，本研究创新性地提出了"生物-化学-物理"协同修复技术体系：利用功能微生物制剂调节土壤微生态平衡，结合生物炭改良土壤理化性质，辅以轮作休耕制度恢复地力。田间验证表明，该技术体系可使土壤微生物多样性提高35%，病原菌数量降低60%，作物产量增加25%以上。
关键词：蔬菜连作障碍；土壤修复技术；微生物
RESEARCH ON THE OBSTACLE MECHANISM OF VEGETABLE CONTINUOUS CROPPING AND SOIL REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT
The continuous cropping obstacle of vegetables is the key problem restricting the sustainable development of facility agriculture, and its mechanism is complex and difficult to repair. This study systematically explored the formation mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles and soil remediation technology in major facility vegetable producing areas in China. By combining field experiment and indoor analysis, the paper focused on the changes of soil microbial community structure, root secretion accumulation and its inhibition on plant growth. It is found that long-term continuous cropping significantly decreases soil microbial diversity, increases the relative abundance of pathogens and decreases the proportion of beneficial bacteria; Meanwhile, phenolic acid accumulation in root exudates is obvious, inhibiting crop root development and nutrient absorption. Based on this, this study innovatively proposed the "bio-chemical-physical" cooperative restoration technology system: using functional microbial agents to adjust the soil microecological balance, combined with biochar to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, supplemented by crop rotation fallow system to restore the soil fertility. Field validation showed that the technical system could increase the soil microbial diversity by 35%, reduce the pathogen number by 60%, and increase the crop yield by more than 25%.
KEY WORDS：Vegetable continuous cropping obstacles; soil remediation techniques; microorganisms
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
第2章 蔬菜连作障碍的形成机制 2
2.1 连作对土壤微生物群落的影响 2
2.2 连作导致的土壤养分失衡 2
2.3 连作引发的自毒物质积累 2
第3章 蔬菜连作障碍的生态效应 4
3.1 连作对蔬菜生长的影响 4
3.2 连作对土壤健康的影响 4
3.3 连作对农田生态系统的影响 4
第4章 蔬菜连作障碍的土壤修复技术 6
4.1 生物修复技术的应用与效果 6
4.2 物理修复技术的应用与效果 6
4.3 化学修复技术的应用与效果 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
摘 要
蔬菜连作障碍是制约设施农业可持续发展的关键问题，其机制复杂且修复难度大。本研究以中国主要设施蔬菜产区为研究对象，系统探讨了连作障碍的形成机制及土壤修复技术。通过田间试验与室内分析相结合的方法，重点研究了连作条件下土壤微生物群落结构变化、根系分泌物累积及其对植物生长的抑制作用。研究发现，长期连作导致土壤微生物多样性显著降低，病原菌相对丰度增加，有益菌群比例下降；同时，根系分泌物中酚酸类物质积累明显，抑制了作物根系发育和养分吸收。基于此，本研究创新性地提出了"生物-化学-物理"协同修复技术体系：利用功能微生物制剂调节土壤微生态平衡，结合生物炭改良土壤理化性质，辅以轮作休耕制度恢复地力。田间验证表明，该技术体系可使土壤微生物多样性提高35%，病原菌数量降低60%，作物产量增加25%以上。
关键词：蔬菜连作障碍；土壤修复技术；微生物
RESEARCH ON THE OBSTACLE MECHANISM OF VEGETABLE CONTINUOUS CROPPING AND SOIL REMEDIATION TECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT
The continuous cropping obstacle of vegetables is the key problem restricting the sustainable development of facility agriculture, and its mechanism is complex and difficult to repair. This study systematically explored the formation mechanism of continuous cropping obstacles and soil remediation technology in major facility vegetable producing areas in China. By combining field experiment and indoor analysis, the paper focused on the changes of soil microbial community structure, root secretion accumulation and its inhibition on plant growth. It is found that long-term continuous cropping significantly decreases soil microbial diversity, increases the relative abundance of pathogens and decreases the proportion of beneficial bacteria; Meanwhile, phenolic acid accumulation in root exudates is obvious, inhibiting crop root development and nutrient absorption. Based on this, this study innovatively proposed the "bio-chemical-physical" cooperative restoration technology system: using functional microbial agents to adjust the soil microecological balance, combined with biochar to improve the physical and chemical properties of soil, supplemented by crop rotation fallow system to restore the soil fertility. Field validation showed that the technical system could increase the soil microbial diversity by 35%, reduce the pathogen number by 60%, and increase the crop yield by more than 25%.
KEY WORDS：Vegetable continuous cropping obstacles; soil remediation techniques; microorganisms
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
第2章 蔬菜连作障碍的形成机制 2
2.1 连作对土壤微生物群落的影响 2
2.2 连作导致的土壤养分失衡 2
2.3 连作引发的自毒物质积累 2
第3章 蔬菜连作障碍的生态效应 4
3.1 连作对蔬菜生长的影响 4
3.2 连作对土壤健康的影响 4
3.3 连作对农田生态系统的影响 4
第4章 蔬菜连作障碍的土壤修复技术 6
4.1 生物修复技术的应用与效果 6
4.2 物理修复技术的应用与效果 6
4.3 化学修复技术的应用与效果 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
