摘 要
意定监护制度作为现代民事法律体系的重要组成部分，旨在通过当事人自主选择监护人的方式保障其在丧失行为能力后的合法权益。随着人口老龄化加剧及个人权利意识的觉醒，该制度的研究与完善具有重要的现实意义。本研究以意定监护制度的伦理基础为切入点，探讨其在尊重个体自治、维护家庭关系及平衡社会利益方面的核心价值，并结合国内外相关立法实践，分析当前我国意定监护制度存在的法律漏洞与实施困境。研究采用文献分析与案例比较相结合的方法，系统梳理了意定监护制度的理论框架及其在司法实践中的应用现状。现行法律在监护协议效力认定、监护监督机制以及纠纷解决程序等方面存在不足，亟需通过立法完善予以改进。研究成果不仅深化了对意定监护制度伦理内涵的理解，还为我国相关法律的修订提供了理论支持与实践参考，对推动民事法律体系现代化具有重要意义。
关键词：意定监护制度；伦理基础；监护监督机制；法律漏洞；第三方评估机制
The Ethical Foundations and Legal Perfection of Intentional Guardianship Systems
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract
As an important part of modern civil law system, the voluntary guardianship system aims to protect the legal rights and interests of the parties after they lose their capacity by choosing their own guardians. With the increasing aging of the population and the awakening of the consciousness of individual rights, the research and improvement of this system has important practical significance. This study takes the ethical basis of the voluntary guardianship system as the starting point, discusses its core values of respecting individual autonomy, maintaining family relations and balancing social interests, and analyzes the legal loopholes and implementation difficulties of the current voluntary guardianship system in China combined with relevant domestic and foreign legislative practices. By the method of literature analysis and case comparison, this paper systematically reviews the theoretical fr amework of the voluntary guardianship system and its application in judicial practice. The existing law has shortcomings in the validity of guardianship agreement, guardianship supervision mechanism and dispute resolution procedure, which need to be improved by legislation. The research results not only deepen the understanding of the ethical connotation of the voluntary guardianship system, but also provide theoretical support and practical reference for the revision of relevant laws in China, which is of great significance to promote the modernization of the civil legal system.
Keywords: Intentional Guardianship System；Ethical Foundation；Guardianship Supervision Mechanism；Legal Loopholes；Third-Party Evaluation Mechanism
目 录
引言 1
一、意定监护制度的伦理基础 1
(一)个人自主与意定监护 1
(二)家庭责任的伦理考量 2
(三)社会信任与制度保障 2
二、意定监护制度的法律框架分析 3
(一)法律规范的基本构成 3
(二)监护协议的有效性认定 4
(三)权利义务的法律界定 4
三、意定监护制度实施中的问题探讨 5
(一)制度适用范围的局限性 5
(二)监护人资格审查的挑战 5
(三)监护监督机制的不足 6
四、意定监护制度的完善路径研究 6
(一)法律规则的优化建议 6
(二)监护监督体系的构建 7
(三)社会支持系统的强化 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
