环境公益诉讼的原告资格扩张与限制 -法学专业

摘要

环境公益诉讼作为维护公共利益的重要法律机制，其原告资格的合理界定直接影响诉讼效果与司法资源分配。本文以我国环境公益诉讼制度的发展为背景，聚焦原告资格的扩张与限制问题，旨在探讨如何在保障公共利益与防止滥诉之间实现平衡。研究采用规范分析与比较研究相结合的方法，通过对国内外相关立法、司法实践及理论学说的系统梳理，剖析当前我国环境公益诉讼中原告资格存在的主要问题，包括主体范围模糊、资格条件不明确以及滥诉风险等。研究发现，适度扩张原告资格有助于增强公众参与环境保护的积极性，但需通过程序性限制措施防范潜在的滥用风险。研究成果对推动环境公益诉讼制度的精细化发展具有重要参考价值。

关键词：环境公益诉讼；原告资格；滥诉风险；程序性限制；多层次原告体系

Expansion and Restriction of Plaintiff Qualifications in Environmental Public Interest Litigation

英文人名

Directive teacher:×××

Abstract

Environmental public interest litigation is an important legal mechanism to safeguard public interests. The reasonable definition of plaintiff qualification directly affects the effect of litigation and the allocation of judicial resources. With the development of China's environmental public interest litigation system as the background, this paper focuses on the expansion and limitation of plaintiff qualifications, aiming to explore how to achieve a balance between protecting public interests and preventing abuse of litigation. By combing the relevant legislation, judicial practice and theories at home and abroad, this paper analyzes the main problems existing in the plaintiff's qualification in the current environmental public interest litigation in China, including the fuzzy scope of the subject, the unclear qualification conditions and the risk of indiscriminate litigation. It is found that the moderate expansion of plaintiff qualifications can help to enhance the enthusiasm of the public to participate in environmental protection, but it needs to prevent potential abuse risks through procedural restrictions. The research results have important reference value for promoting the fine development of environmental public interest litigation system.

Keywords: Environmental Public Interest Litigation；Plaintiff Qualification；Abuse Of Litigation Risk；Procedural Restrictions；Multi-Level Plaintiff System

引言 1

一、环境公益诉讼原告资格的理论基础 1

(一)环境公益诉讼的基本概念 1

(二)原告资格的核心内涵 2

(三)理论基础对扩张与限制的意义 2

二、原告资格扩张的正当性与实践路径 3

(一)扩张的法律依据分析 3

(二)社会需求对扩张的推动作用 3

(三)实践中扩张的具体表现 4

三、原告资格限制的必要性与制度设计 5

(一)限制的法理依据探讨 5

(二)过度扩张可能引发的问题 5