摘 要
《悲惨世界》作为维克多·雨果的经典之作，深刻反映了19世纪法国社会底层民众的生存困境。本文以芳汀这一人物形象为切入点，探讨其在社会压迫与性别歧视双重作用下的悲剧命运，旨在揭示19世纪资本主义社会中女性所面临的结构性不公。研究通过文本细读与社会历史批评相结合的方法，分析芳汀从天真少女到被社会抛弃的单身母亲的角色转变过程，进而挖掘其背后的社会成因。研究表明，芳汀的苦难不仅是个人选择的结果，更是当时社会制度对女性压迫的缩影。本文创新性地将芳汀的形象置于更广泛的社会性别框架下考察，强调其作为底层女性的象征意义，并进一步指出文学作品在反映社会现实与推动社会变革中的重要作用。最终得出结论：芳汀的悲剧不仅是个人命运的写照，也是对整个社会结构的深刻批判，为理解19世纪女性处境提供了重要视角。关键词：芳汀; 性别压迫; 社会批判; 19世纪法国; 底层女性
Abstract
Les Misérables, as a classic work by Victor Hugo, profoundly reflects the survival predicaments of the underclass in 19th-century French society. This paper focuses on the character of Fantine to explore her tragic fate shaped by both social oppression and gender discrimination, aiming to reveal the structural injustices faced by women in the 19th-century capitalist society. By employing a combination of close reading and socio-historical criticism, the study analyzes Fantine's transformation from an innocent young girl to an abandoned single mother, further uncovering the underlying social causes. The findings indicate that Fantine's suffering is not merely a result of personal choices but also a reflection of the systemic oppression of women during that era. Innovatively placing Fantine within a broader socio-gender fr amework, this paper emphasizes her symbolic significance as a representation of marginalized women and highlights the crucial role of literary works in reflecting social realities and promoting societal change. Ultimately, it concludes that Fantine's tragedy serves not only as a depiction of individual fate but also as a profound critique of the entire social structure, providing an essential perspective for understanding the conditions of women in the 19th century.Key words:Fantine; Gender Oppression; Social Criticism; 19th Century France; Underclass Women
目 录
中文摘要 I
英文摘要 II
引 言 1
第1章、芳汀形象的社会背景分析 2
1.1、工业革命与社会变迁 2
1.2、下层女性的生存困境 2
1.3、芳汀形象的时代意义 3
第2章、芳汀的人物性格与命运轨迹 4
2.1、坚韧中的无奈选择 4
2.2、母爱驱动下的牺牲精神 4
2.3、社会压迫下的悲剧命运 4
第3章、芳汀与底层女性的共同苦难 6
3.1、经济剥削与性别歧视 6
3.2、家庭解体与社会边缘化 6
3.3、道德审判与社会偏见 7
第4章、芳汀形象的文学价值与社会启示 8
4.1、人性光辉的文学呈现 8
4.2、底层女性的象征意义 8
4.3、当代视角下的反思与借鉴 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
