摘要
工业废水零排放技术是实现可持续发展和环境保护的重要手段，其研究背景源于全球水资源短缺与水污染问题的日益严峻。本研究旨在探讨工业废水零排放技术的实际应用效果及其面临的挑战，通过综合分析膜分离、蒸发结晶、高级氧化等关键技术的性能特点，结合典型案例的实践数据，评估其在不同行业中的适用性与经济性。研究采用实验验证与模型模拟相结合的方法，对某化工园区废水处理系统的运行参数进行优化，并提出基于多级耦合工艺的创新解决方案。结果表明，该方案能够显著提高废水回收率，减少固体废弃物产生量，同时降低系统能耗与运营成本。然而，技术推广仍面临设备投资高、工艺复杂及盐分资源化利用效率低等问题。本研究的主要贡献在于提出了适用于复杂工业废水的集成化处理策略，为相关领域的工程设计与政策制定提供了科学依据，同时强调了跨学科合作与技术创新在推动零排放目标实现中的关键作用。
关键词：工业废水零排放；多级耦合工艺；膜分离；蒸发结晶；高级氧化
Abstract
The zero-liquid-discharge (ZLD) technology for industrial wastewater is a crucial approach to achieving sustainable development and environmental protection, with its research background rooted in the increasingly severe global water scarcity and water pollution issues. This study aims to investigate the practical application effects of ZLD technology and the challenges it faces, by comprehensively analyzing the performance characteristics of key technologies such as membrane separation, evaporation crystallization, and advanced oxidation, coupled with practical data from case examples to evaluate their applicability and economic feasibility across different industries. The study employs a combination of experimental validation and model simulation to optimize the operational parameters of a wastewater treatment system in a chemical industrial park and proposes an innovative solution based on multi-stage coupled processes. The results indicate that this solution can significantly enhance wastewater recovery rates, reduce solid waste generation, and simultaneously lower system energy consumption and operating costs. However, the promotion of the technology still encounters obstacles such as high equipment investment, process complexity, and low efficiency in salt resource utilization. The primary contribution of this research lies in proposing an integrated treatment strategy tailored for complex industrial wastewater, providing scientific support for engineering design and policy formulation in relevant fields, while emphasizing the critical role of interdisciplinary collaboration and technological innovation in advancing the realization of ZLD ob jectives.
Keywords：Industrial Wastewater Zero Discharge; Multi-Stage Coupling Process; Membrane Separation; Evaporation Crystallization; Advanced Oxidation
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 工业废水零排放的背景与意义 1
(二) 零排放技术的研究现状分析 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 1
二、零排放技术的核心原理与实践路径 2
(一) 零排放技术的基本原理概述 2
(二) 关键技术在实践中的应用分析 2
(三) 实践案例中的技术优化策略 3
三、零排放技术实施中的关键挑战 4
(一) 技术经济性与成本控制问题 4
(二) 环境适应性与技术局限性分析 4
(三) 政策法规对技术实施的影响 5
四、零排放技术的未来发展方向与对策建议 5
(一) 新型技术的研发趋势与潜力 5
(二) 跨领域合作对零排放技术的推动作用 6
(三) 完善政策体系以促进技术推广 6
结 论 8
参考文献 9
