摘要
饮用水源地的保护是保障公众健康和实现可持续发展的重要基础，然而随着工业化和城市化的快速推进，水源地污染问题日益严峻，亟需科学合理的保护区划分与管理对策。本研究以我国典型饮用水源地为研究对象，综合运用地理信息系统（GIS）、遥感技术和多准则决策分析方法，构建了水源地保护区划分的优化模型，并提出了针对性的管理措施。研究首先对水源地周边环境特征进行系统评估，结合水质监测数据和潜在污染源分布，确定保护区范围及其功能分区；其次，通过情景模拟分析不同管理策略下的保护效果，验证模型的适用性和有效性。结果表明，基于多源数据集成的保护区划分方法能够显著提高边界划定的科学性和精准性，同时提出的分级管理制度有助于提升管理效率并降低运行成本。本研究的创新点在于将定量分析与空间技术相结合，为水源地保护提供了可操作性强的技术路径和政策建议，对完善我国饮用水源地管理体系具有重要参考价值。
关键词：饮用水源地保护；保护区划分；GIS与遥感技术；多准则决策分析；管理措施优化
Abstract
The protection of drinking water sources is a critical foundation for safeguarding public health and achieving sustainable development. However, with the rapid advancement of industrialization and urbanization, the issue of source water pollution has become increasingly severe, necessitating scientifically sound and reasonable demarcation and management strategies for protected areas. This study focuses on typical drinking water sources in China, integrating Geographic Information Systems (GIS), remote sensing technology, and multi-criteria decision analysis to construct an optimized model for the demarcation of source water protection zones and propose targeted management measures. The research first systematically evaluates the environmental characteristics surrounding the water sources, combining water quality monitoring data and the distribution of potential pollution sources to determine the scope of the protected area and its functional zoning. Subsequently, scenario simulation is employed to analyze the protective effects under different management strategies, thereby validating the applicability and effectiveness of the model. The results indicate that the demarcation method based on multi-source data integration can significantly enhance the scientific rigor and precision of boundary delineation. Moreover, the proposed tiered management system contributes to improved management efficiency and reduced operational costs. The innovation of this study lies in the combination of quantitative analysis and spatial technology, providing technically feasible pathways and policy recommendations for source water protection, which holds significant reference value for improving the management system of drinking water sources in China.
Keywords：Drinking Water Source Protection; Protected Area Division; Gis And Remote Sensing Technology; Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis; Management Measures Optimization
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 饮用水源地保护区研究的背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状分析 1
(三) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、饮用水源地保护区划分的关键因素 2
(一) 水源地环境特征评估 2
(二) 功能区划的技术标准与依据 3
(三) 划分中的主要挑战与应对策略 3
三、饮用水源地保护区管理对策体系构建 4
(一) 管理目标与基本原则 4
(二) 法规政策支持体系分析 4
(三) 技术手段在管理中的应用 5
四、饮用水源地保护区实施效果评价与优化建议 5
(一) 实施效果的监测与评估方法 5
(二) 典型案例分析与经验总结 6
(三) 改进措施与未来发展方向 6
结 论 8
参考文献 9
