摘 要
羊传染性脓疱（Orf）是一种由副痘病毒属病毒引起的高度接触性传染病，对养羊业造成显著经济损失。本研究旨在通过病理组织学分析和临床治疗方案评估，深入探讨该病的发病机制及有效干预措施。研究采用组织切片染色技术，结合实时荧光定量PCR检测病毒载量，系统分析了感染部位的组织病变特征，并对比了不同抗病毒药物与支持疗法的疗效。结果显示，感染区域呈现典型的上皮细胞增生、空泡变性和多核巨细胞形成，且病毒载量与病变程度呈正相关。临床治疗方面，联合使用阿昔洛韦与免疫增强剂可显著缩短病程并降低复发率。本研究首次明确了病变组织中病毒分布的动态变化规律，并提出了一种基于病理特征的分阶段治疗策略，为羊传染性脓疱的防控提供了重要理论依据和技术支持。
关键词：羊传染性脓疱；副痘病毒；病理组织学；抗病毒治疗；病毒载量
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY AND CLINICAL TREATMENT OF CONTAGIOUS ECTHYMA IN SHEEP
ABSTRACT
Orf, a highly contagious disease caused by a virus belonging to the Parapoxvirus genus, imposes significant economic losses on the sheep farming industry. This study aims to explore the pathogenesis of Orf and effective intervention measures through histopathological analysis and evaluation of clinical treatment regimens. By employing tissue section staining techniques in conjunction with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR for viral load detection, the study systematically analyzed the histopathological characteristics of infected sites and compared the therapeutic effects of different antiviral drugs combined with supportive therapies. The results demonstrated typical histopathological features in infected areas, including epithelial cell hyperplasia, vacuolar degeneration, and multinucleated giant cell formation, with viral load positively correlated with lesion severity. In terms of clinical treatment, the combined use of acyclovir and immunostimulants significantly shortened the disease course and reduced recurrence rates. This research, for the first time, elucidated the dynamic changes in viral distribution within lesion tissues and proposed a phased treatment strategy based on pathological characteristics, providing crucial theoretical evidence and technical support for the prevention and control of Orf in sheep.
KEY WORDS：Orf；Parapoxvirus；Pathological Histology；Antiviral Therapy；Viral Load
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状分析 1
第二章 羊传染性脓疱的病理组织学特征 1
2.1 病变部位的显微结构观察 1
2.2 病理变化的阶段性分析 2
2.3 特殊染色技术的应用 2
第三章 羊传染性脓疱的发病机制探讨 3
3.1 病原体的生物学特性 3
3.2 免疫反应在发病中的作用 3
3.3 环境因素对发病的影响 4
第四章 羊传染性脓疱的临床治疗策略 4
4.1 常用药物的疗效评估 4
4.2 手术干预的可行性分析 5
4.3 综合治疗方案的设计 5
结 论 6
参考文献 7
致 谢 8
羊传染性脓疱（Orf）是一种由副痘病毒属病毒引起的高度接触性传染病，对养羊业造成显著经济损失。本研究旨在通过病理组织学分析和临床治疗方案评估，深入探讨该病的发病机制及有效干预措施。研究采用组织切片染色技术，结合实时荧光定量PCR检测病毒载量，系统分析了感染部位的组织病变特征，并对比了不同抗病毒药物与支持疗法的疗效。结果显示，感染区域呈现典型的上皮细胞增生、空泡变性和多核巨细胞形成，且病毒载量与病变程度呈正相关。临床治疗方面，联合使用阿昔洛韦与免疫增强剂可显著缩短病程并降低复发率。本研究首次明确了病变组织中病毒分布的动态变化规律，并提出了一种基于病理特征的分阶段治疗策略，为羊传染性脓疱的防控提供了重要理论依据和技术支持。
关键词：羊传染性脓疱；副痘病毒；病理组织学；抗病毒治疗；病毒载量
HISTOPATHOLOGICAL STUDY AND CLINICAL TREATMENT OF CONTAGIOUS ECTHYMA IN SHEEP
ABSTRACT
Orf, a highly contagious disease caused by a virus belonging to the Parapoxvirus genus, imposes significant economic losses on the sheep farming industry. This study aims to explore the pathogenesis of Orf and effective intervention measures through histopathological analysis and evaluation of clinical treatment regimens. By employing tissue section staining techniques in conjunction with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR for viral load detection, the study systematically analyzed the histopathological characteristics of infected sites and compared the therapeutic effects of different antiviral drugs combined with supportive therapies. The results demonstrated typical histopathological features in infected areas, including epithelial cell hyperplasia, vacuolar degeneration, and multinucleated giant cell formation, with viral load positively correlated with lesion severity. In terms of clinical treatment, the combined use of acyclovir and immunostimulants significantly shortened the disease course and reduced recurrence rates. This research, for the first time, elucidated the dynamic changes in viral distribution within lesion tissues and proposed a phased treatment strategy based on pathological characteristics, providing crucial theoretical evidence and technical support for the prevention and control of Orf in sheep.
KEY WORDS：Orf；Parapoxvirus；Pathological Histology；Antiviral Therapy；Viral Load
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状分析 1
第二章 羊传染性脓疱的病理组织学特征 1
2.1 病变部位的显微结构观察 1
2.2 病理变化的阶段性分析 2
2.3 特殊染色技术的应用 2
第三章 羊传染性脓疱的发病机制探讨 3
3.1 病原体的生物学特性 3
3.2 免疫反应在发病中的作用 3
3.3 环境因素对发病的影响 4
第四章 羊传染性脓疱的临床治疗策略 4
4.1 常用药物的疗效评估 4
4.2 手术干预的可行性分析 5
4.3 综合治疗方案的设计 5
结 论 6
参考文献 7
致 谢 8
