摘 要
家兔球虫病是由艾美耳属球虫引起的一种常见寄生虫病，对养兔业造成严重经济损失。为深入探讨该病的病理机制并优化诊断方法，本研究以感染家兔球虫的实验模型为对象，通过组织病理学观察和免疫组织化学检测技术，系统分析了球虫感染后家兔肠道的病变特征及免疫反应模式。研究采用人工感染方式建立模型，并利用HE染色和免疫组化标记技术对病变部位进行定量与定性分析。结果显示，感染后家兔小肠黏膜上皮细胞出现显著的脱落、增生及炎症浸润现象，绒毛萎缩明显，隐窝增深；同时，免疫组化检测发现感染部位存在特异性抗体沉积，提示局部免疫反应被有效激活。本研究首次结合病理变化与免疫组化技术揭示了家兔球虫病的发病机理，为临床诊断提供了新的技术参考，也为后续疫苗研发和防治策略制定奠定了理论基础。
关键词：家兔球虫病；病理机制；免疫组化；肠道病变；诊断方法
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF COCCIDIOSIS IN RABBITS
ABSTRACT
Coccidiosis in rabbits, caused by Eimeria species, is a common parasitic disease that imposes significant economic losses on rabbit farming. To further investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease and optimize diagnostic methods, this study employed an experimental model of rabbit coccidiosis to systematically analyze the intestinal lesion characteristics and immune response patterns following infection through histopathological observation and immunohistochemical detection techniques. The study established the model via artificial infection and conducted both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the lesions using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical labeling. The results demonstrated that the epithelial cells of the small intestinal mucosa exhibited marked desquamation, hyperplasia, and inflammatory infiltration after infection, accompanied by evident villus atrophy and deepened crypts. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis revealed the deposition of specific antibodies at the infected sites, indicating the effective activation of local immune responses. This study was the first to integrate pathological changes with immunohistochemical techniques to elucidate the pathogenesis of rabbit coccidiosis, providing new technical references for clinical diagnosis and laying a theoretical foundation for subsequent vaccine development and the formulation of control strategies.
KEY WORDS：Coccidiosis In Rabbits；Pathological Mechanism；Immunohistochemistry；Intestinal Lesions；Diagnostic Methods
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 家兔球虫病研究背景与意义 1
1.2 病理变化及免疫检测研究现状 1
第二章 家兔球虫病的病理变化分析 1
2.1 病变组织的宏观观察 1
2.2 病变部位的显微镜检查 2
2.3 病理变化的机制探讨 2
第三章 免疫组织化学检测技术应用 3
3.1 检测方法的选择与优化 3
3.2 标记抗体的特异性验证 3
3.3 检测结果的定量分析 4
第四章 病理变化与免疫检测的相关性研究 4
4.1 不同感染阶段的病理特征 4
4.2 免疫反应在病理过程中的作用 5
4.3 检测结果对病理变化的解释 5
结 论 6
参考文献 7
致 谢 8
家兔球虫病是由艾美耳属球虫引起的一种常见寄生虫病，对养兔业造成严重经济损失。为深入探讨该病的病理机制并优化诊断方法，本研究以感染家兔球虫的实验模型为对象，通过组织病理学观察和免疫组织化学检测技术，系统分析了球虫感染后家兔肠道的病变特征及免疫反应模式。研究采用人工感染方式建立模型，并利用HE染色和免疫组化标记技术对病变部位进行定量与定性分析。结果显示，感染后家兔小肠黏膜上皮细胞出现显著的脱落、增生及炎症浸润现象，绒毛萎缩明显，隐窝增深；同时，免疫组化检测发现感染部位存在特异性抗体沉积，提示局部免疫反应被有效激活。本研究首次结合病理变化与免疫组化技术揭示了家兔球虫病的发病机理，为临床诊断提供了新的技术参考，也为后续疫苗研发和防治策略制定奠定了理论基础。
关键词：家兔球虫病；病理机制；免疫组化；肠道病变；诊断方法
PATHOLOGICAL CHANGES AND IMMUNOHISTOCHEMICAL DETECTION OF COCCIDIOSIS IN RABBITS
ABSTRACT
Coccidiosis in rabbits, caused by Eimeria species, is a common parasitic disease that imposes significant economic losses on rabbit farming. To further investigate the pathogenic mechanisms of this disease and optimize diagnostic methods, this study employed an experimental model of rabbit coccidiosis to systematically analyze the intestinal lesion characteristics and immune response patterns following infection through histopathological observation and immunohistochemical detection techniques. The study established the model via artificial infection and conducted both quantitative and qualitative analyses of the lesions using hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining and immunohistochemical labeling. The results demonstrated that the epithelial cells of the small intestinal mucosa exhibited marked desquamation, hyperplasia, and inflammatory infiltration after infection, accompanied by evident villus atrophy and deepened crypts. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis revealed the deposition of specific antibodies at the infected sites, indicating the effective activation of local immune responses. This study was the first to integrate pathological changes with immunohistochemical techniques to elucidate the pathogenesis of rabbit coccidiosis, providing new technical references for clinical diagnosis and laying a theoretical foundation for subsequent vaccine development and the formulation of control strategies.
KEY WORDS：Coccidiosis In Rabbits；Pathological Mechanism；Immunohistochemistry；Intestinal Lesions；Diagnostic Methods
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 家兔球虫病研究背景与意义 1
1.2 病理变化及免疫检测研究现状 1
第二章 家兔球虫病的病理变化分析 1
2.1 病变组织的宏观观察 1
2.2 病变部位的显微镜检查 2
2.3 病理变化的机制探讨 2
第三章 免疫组织化学检测技术应用 3
3.1 检测方法的选择与优化 3
3.2 标记抗体的特异性验证 3
3.3 检测结果的定量分析 4
第四章 病理变化与免疫检测的相关性研究 4
4.1 不同感染阶段的病理特征 4
4.2 免疫反应在病理过程中的作用 5
4.3 检测结果对病理变化的解释 5
结 论 6
参考文献 7
致 谢 8
