摘 要
奶牛围产期是其生理机能变化剧烈且疾病高发的关键阶段，直接影响母牛的健康状况和生产性能。本研究旨在系统分析围产期常见疾病的临床特征及发病机制，并提出科学有效的防治措施。通过文献综述与实地调研相结合的方法，对奶牛围产期酮病、产后瘫痪、胎衣不下等典型疾病的病因、诊断标准及治疗方案进行了深入探讨。研究发现，营养失衡、应激反应及管理不当是导致这些疾病的主要因素，而早期诊断与综合干预可显著降低发病率和经济损失。本研究创新性地提出了基于个体化健康管理的综合防控策略，强调通过优化日粮结构、改善饲养环境及加强监测预警来提升围产期奶牛的健康水平。研究成果为奶牛围产期疾病的精准防控提供了理论依据和技术支持，对促进奶牛养殖业的可持续发展具有重要意义。
关键词：奶牛围产期；疾病防控；个体化健康管理；营养失衡；综合干预
Clinical Diagnosis and Prevention of Common Diseases in Dairy Cows during the Peripartum Period
ABSTRACT
The periparturient period in dairy cows is a critical phase characterized by dramatic physiological changes and a high incidence of diseases, which directly affects the health and production performance of cows. This study aims to systematically analyze the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of common diseases during the periparturient period and propose scientifically effective prevention and control measures. By integrating literature review with field surveys, this research conducted an in-depth investigation into the etiology, diagnostic criteria, and treatment protocols of typical diseases such as ketosis, postpartum paralysis, and retained placenta in dairy cows during the periparturient period. The findings indicate that nutritional imbalance, stress responses, and improper management are the primary factors contributing to these diseases, while early diagnosis and comprehensive intervention can significantly reduce the incidence rates and economic losses. Innovatively, this study proposes an integrated prevention and control strategy based on individualized health management, emphasizing the optimization of dietary structure, improvement of rearing environments, and enhanced monitoring and early warning systems to improve the health status of periparturient dairy cows. The research outcomes provide theoretical foundations and technical support for precise prevention and control of diseases during the periparturient period in dairy cows and hold significant implications for promoting the sustainable development of the dairy cattle farming industry.
KEY WORDS：Dairy Cows Peripartum；Disease Prevention And Control；Individualized Health Management；Nutritional Imbalance；Comprehensive Intervention
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 奶牛围产期疾病研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状分析 1
第二章 围产期疾病的主要类型与特征 1
2.1 围产期代谢性疾病概述 2
2.2 围产期感染性疾病的临床表现 2
2.3 围产期其他常见疾病的特征分析 3
第三章 围产期疾病的诊断技术与方法 3
3.1 临床症状的观察与记录 3
3.2 实验室检测技术的应用 3
3.3 影像学与特殊诊断手段的作用 4
第四章 围产期疾病的防治策略与实践 4
4.1 预防措施的制定与实施 4
4.2 治疗方案的选择与优化 5
4.3 典型病例分析与经验总结 5
结 论 6
参考文献 7
致 谢 8
奶牛围产期是其生理机能变化剧烈且疾病高发的关键阶段，直接影响母牛的健康状况和生产性能。本研究旨在系统分析围产期常见疾病的临床特征及发病机制，并提出科学有效的防治措施。通过文献综述与实地调研相结合的方法，对奶牛围产期酮病、产后瘫痪、胎衣不下等典型疾病的病因、诊断标准及治疗方案进行了深入探讨。研究发现，营养失衡、应激反应及管理不当是导致这些疾病的主要因素，而早期诊断与综合干预可显著降低发病率和经济损失。本研究创新性地提出了基于个体化健康管理的综合防控策略，强调通过优化日粮结构、改善饲养环境及加强监测预警来提升围产期奶牛的健康水平。研究成果为奶牛围产期疾病的精准防控提供了理论依据和技术支持，对促进奶牛养殖业的可持续发展具有重要意义。
关键词：奶牛围产期；疾病防控；个体化健康管理；营养失衡；综合干预
Clinical Diagnosis and Prevention of Common Diseases in Dairy Cows during the Peripartum Period
ABSTRACT
The periparturient period in dairy cows is a critical phase characterized by dramatic physiological changes and a high incidence of diseases, which directly affects the health and production performance of cows. This study aims to systematically analyze the clinical characteristics and pathogenesis of common diseases during the periparturient period and propose scientifically effective prevention and control measures. By integrating literature review with field surveys, this research conducted an in-depth investigation into the etiology, diagnostic criteria, and treatment protocols of typical diseases such as ketosis, postpartum paralysis, and retained placenta in dairy cows during the periparturient period. The findings indicate that nutritional imbalance, stress responses, and improper management are the primary factors contributing to these diseases, while early diagnosis and comprehensive intervention can significantly reduce the incidence rates and economic losses. Innovatively, this study proposes an integrated prevention and control strategy based on individualized health management, emphasizing the optimization of dietary structure, improvement of rearing environments, and enhanced monitoring and early warning systems to improve the health status of periparturient dairy cows. The research outcomes provide theoretical foundations and technical support for precise prevention and control of diseases during the periparturient period in dairy cows and hold significant implications for promoting the sustainable development of the dairy cattle farming industry.
KEY WORDS：Dairy Cows Peripartum；Disease Prevention And Control；Individualized Health Management；Nutritional Imbalance；Comprehensive Intervention
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第一章 绪论 1
1.1 奶牛围产期疾病研究背景与意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状分析 1
第二章 围产期疾病的主要类型与特征 1
2.1 围产期代谢性疾病概述 2
2.2 围产期感染性疾病的临床表现 2
2.3 围产期其他常见疾病的特征分析 3
第三章 围产期疾病的诊断技术与方法 3
3.1 临床症状的观察与记录 3
3.2 实验室检测技术的应用 3
3.3 影像学与特殊诊断手段的作用 4
第四章 围产期疾病的防治策略与实践 4
4.1 预防措施的制定与实施 4
4.2 治疗方案的选择与优化 5
4.3 典型病例分析与经验总结 5
结 论 6
参考文献 7
致 谢 8
