摘 要
巴金作为中国现代文学的重要作家，其小说创作深刻反映了20世纪中国社会的变迁与思想觉醒，其中家庭主题和社会批判构成了其作品的核心内容。本研究以巴金小说中的家庭叙事为切入点，探讨其如何通过家庭结构的解体、代际冲突及伦理观念的转变来揭示社会问题并推动思想启蒙。研究采用文本细读与社会历史分析相结合的方法，从家庭空间的象征意义、人物关系的动态变化以及叙事策略的独特性等方面展开深入剖析。结果表明，巴金通过家庭主题的书写不仅呈现了传统家庭制度的危机，还揭示了社会转型期的思想矛盾与文化冲突。此外，研究发现巴金在批判封建家庭制度的同时，也展现了对个体自由与社会进步的深切关怀，这种双重维度使其作品具有超越时代的普遍意义。本研究的创新点在于将家庭主题置于更广泛的社会语境中进行考察，并结合巴金的创作理念与时代背景，重新阐释其作品的社会批判价值。这一研究不仅丰富了对巴金小说的理解，也为探讨现代文学中的家庭叙事提供了新的视角和理论支持。
关键词：巴金小说；家庭叙事；社会批判；代际冲突；思想启蒙
Abstract
Ba Jin, as a significant writer in modern Chinese literature, profoundly reflects the social transformations and intellectual awakenings of 20th-century China through his novelistic creations, with family themes and social criticism forming the core content of his works. This study delves into Ba Jin’s family narratives to explore how he reveals social issues and promotes ideological enlightenment through the disintegration of family structures, generational conflicts, and shifts in ethical concepts. By employing a method that combines close textual reading with socio-historical analysis, this research conducts an in-depth examination from aspects such as the symbolic significance of family space, the dynamic changes in character relationships, and the uniqueness of narrative strategies. The findings indicate that Ba Jin not only portrays the crisis of traditional family systems but also uncovers the ideological contradictions and cultural conflicts during the period of social transition. Furthermore, it is found that while criticizing the feudal family system, Ba Jin also demonstrates a deep concern for individual freedom and social progress, which endows his works with transcendent universal significance. The innovation of this study lies in examining family themes within a broader social context, integrating Ba Jin’s creative philosophy and historical background to reinterpret the social critical value of his works. This research not only enriches the understanding of Ba Jin’s novels but also provides new perspectives and theoretical support for exploring family narratives in modern literature.
Keywords：Ba Jin Novel；Family Narrative；Social Criticism；Generational Conflict；Ideological Enlightenment
目 录
引 言 1
第一章 巴金小说中的家庭主题概述 2
1.1 家庭主题的历史背景分析 2
1.2 小说中家庭结构的典型特征 2
1.3 家庭主题与个人命运的关联 3
第二章 家庭权力结构的社会批判 4
2.1 权力关系在家庭中的体现 4
2.2 父权制对个体自由的压制 4
2.3 社会变革对传统家庭的影响 5
第三章 青年觉醒与家庭束缚的冲突 6
3.1 青年角色的塑造与反抗意识 6
3.2 家庭束缚对青年成长的阻碍 6
3.3 社会理想与家庭现实的矛盾 7
第四章 家庭主题背后的社会批判意义 8
4.1 家庭叙事中的社会隐喻 8
4.2 从家庭到社会的批判延伸 8
4.3 巴金小说的社会启蒙价值 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
