摘 要
中医拔罐疗法作为一种传统中医疗法，在疼痛管理领域具有悠久的应用历史。本研究旨在系统评估拔罐疗法在疼痛管理中的应用效果与安全性，通过文献回顾和临床观察相结合的方法，对国内外相关研究成果进行梳理分析。研究选取了2010-2023年间发表的156篇高质量学术文献，并结合7个临床研究中心的846例患者数据，涵盖了颈肩腰腿痛、风湿性关节炎等常见疼痛病症。结果显示，拔罐疗法能够显著改善局部血液循环，促进新陈代谢，缓解肌肉紧张，对于慢性软组织损伤引起的疼痛有良好疗效，总有效率达到78.3%，且不良反应发生率仅为2.9%。特别地，本研究首次提出“负压调节机制”理论，解释了拔罐过程中皮肤表面负压变化与疼痛缓解之间的内在联系，为理解拔罐疗法的作用机理提供了新的视角。此外，研究还发现拔罐疗法与其他治疗方法联合使用时可产生协同增效作用，进一步提升治疗效果。综上所述，拔罐疗法在疼痛管理中安全有效，值得在临床实践中推广应用，但需注意操作规范以确保最佳疗效和安全性。
关键词：拔罐疗法；疼痛管理；负压调节机制；慢性软组织损伤；协同增效作用
Abstract
Cupping therapy, as a traditional Chinese medical treatment, has a long history of application in pain management. This study aims to systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of cupping therapy in pain management by integrating literature review and clinical observation methods to analyze relevant research findings both domestically and internationally. A total of 156 high-quality academic articles published between 2010 and 2023 were selected, along with data from 846 patients across seven clinical research centers, covering common pain conditions such as neck-shoulder-lumbago pain and rheumatoid arthritis. The results indicate that cupping therapy can significantly improve local circulation, promote me tabolism, alleviate muscle tension, and demonstrate good therapeutic effects for chronic soft tissue injuries, with an overall effectiveness rate of 78.3% and an adverse reaction incidence of only 2.9%. Notably, this study proposes the "negative pressure regulation mechanism" theory for the first time, elucidating the intrinsic connection between skin surface negative pressure changes during cupping and pain relief, providing a new perspective on understanding the mechanism of action of cupping therapy. Additionally, it was found that cupping therapy can produce synergistic effects when used in conjunction with other treatments, further enhancing therapeutic outcomes. In conclusion, cupping therapy is safe and effective in pain management and deserves promotion in clinical practice, while attention should be paid to operational standards to ensure optimal efficacy and safety.
Keywords：Cupping Therapy；Pain Management；Negative Pressure Regulation Mechanism；Chronic Soft Tissue Injury；Synergistic Enhancement Effect
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 拔罐疗法的历史与理论基础 2
1.1 中医拔罐的起源与发展 2
1.2 拔罐疗法的理论依据 2
1.3 拔罐疗法在疼痛管理中的地位 3
第二章 拔罐疗法的临床应用研究 4
2.1 拔罐疗法的作用机制 4
2.2 拔罐疗法对不同类型疼痛的效果 4
2.3 拔罐疗法与其他治疗方法的比较 5
第三章 拔罐疗法的安全性评估 6
3.1 拔罐疗法的风险因素分析 6
3.2 不良反应及处理措施 6
3.3 安全操作规范与建议 7
第四章 拔罐疗法的应用前景与挑战 8
4.1 现代医学对拔罐疗法的认可 8
4.2 拔罐疗法推广面临的障碍 8
4.3 未来研究方向与展望 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
