摘 要
中医外治法在儿科疾病中的应用与优势分析旨在探讨中医外治法对儿科疾病的治疗效果。随着现代医学的发展，儿科疾病治疗方法日益多样化，但部分患儿因惧怕打针吃药而影响治疗依从性，且西药可能带来不良反应，中医外治法凭借其独特的优势逐渐受到重视。本研究通过文献研究法和临床案例分析法，收集整理大量关于中医外治法应用于儿科疾病如小儿泄泻、感冒发热等的资料。研究表明，在治疗小儿泄泻方面，采用穴位贴敷可调节肠道功能，改善症状；对于感冒发热，刮痧能疏通经络、驱邪外出，退热效果明显。中医外治法具有操作简便、安全性高、副作用少等特点，不仅减轻了患儿痛苦，还提高了家长接受度。创新点在于系统梳理多种中医外治法在不同儿科疾病中的具体应用方式及其作用机制，为临床医生提供更多选择依据，也为进一步深入研究中医外治法提供了参考方向，主要贡献是推动中医外治法在儿科领域的传承与发展，促进中西医结合治疗儿科疾病模式的优化。
关键词：中医外治法；儿科疾病；穴位贴敷；刮痧；治疗依从性
Abstract
The application and advantages of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) external therapies in pediatric diseases aim to investigate the therapeutic effects of TCM external treatments. With the development of modern medicine, pediatric treatment methods have become increasingly diverse; however, some children's fear of injections and medication can affect treatment compliance, and Western medicines may cause adverse reactions. TCM external therapies have gained attention due to their unique advantages. This study employs literature review and clinical case analysis to collect and organize extensive data on the application of TCM external therapies in pediatric conditions such as infantile diarrhea and fever from common colds. The findings indicate that acupoint patch therapy for infantile diarrhea can regulate intestinal function and alleviate symptoms, while gua sha for fever from common colds can unblock meridians, expel pathogens, and demonstrate significant antipyretic effects. TCM external therapies are characterized by simple operation, high safety, and minimal side effects, reducing patient discomfort and enhancing parental acceptance. The innovation lies in systematically summarizing the specific applications and mechanisms of various TCM external therapies in different pediatric diseases, providing more options for clinicians and offering reference directions for further research on TCM external therapies. The primary contribution is promoting the inheritance and development of TCM external therapies in pediatrics and optimizing the integration of traditional Chinese and Western medicine in pediatric treatment models.
Keywords：Traditional Chinese Medicine External Therapy；Pediatric Diseases；Acupoint Patching；Gua Sha；Treatment Compliance
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 中医外治法的理论基础 2
1.1 中医外治法的概念与分类 2
1.2 儿科疾病的特点分析 2
1.3 外治法在儿科的应用原理 3
第二章 中医外治法在常见儿科疾病中的应用 4
2.1 呼吸系统疾病的外治方法 4
2.2 消化系统疾病的外治方案 4
2.3 皮肤疾病的外治手段 5
第三章 中医外治法的安全性与有效性评估 6
3.1 外治法的安全性考量 6
3.2 临床疗效的评价标准 6
3.3 不良反应及应对措施 7
第四章 中医外治法的优势与展望 8
4.1 与西医治疗的比较优势 8
4.2 家长接受度与依从性分析 8
4.3 未来发展方向与研究建议 9
结 论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
