摘 要
中风后遗症严重影响患者生活质量，针灸作为一种传统疗法，在改善中风后遗症方面展现出独特优势。本研究旨在系统探讨针灸治疗中风后遗症的临床进展及其作用机制，通过文献综述与临床数据分析相结合的方法，总结近年来国内外相关研究成果。研究收集了2010年至2023年间发表的126篇高质量临床试验及基础研究论文，采用me ta分析和系统评价方法对数据进行处理。结果显示，针灸能够显著改善中风患者的肢体运动功能、语言表达能力以及认知水平，尤其在促进神经功能恢复方面效果明显。创新点在于首次将针灸治疗与现代神经科学理论相结合，从神经可塑性角度解释其作用机制，发现针灸可通过调节脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）表达，激活内源性修复通路，进而促进受损神经元再生。此外，研究还揭示了不同穴位组合对特定脑区的特异性调控作用，为个性化治疗方案提供了理论依据。研究表明，针灸作为辅助治疗方法，不仅安全有效，且具有良好的临床应用前景，为进一步探索中风康复治疗提供了新的思路和方向。
关键词：针灸治疗；中风后遗症；神经可塑性；脑源性神经营养因子；个性化治疗方案
Abstract
Post-stroke sequelae significantly impair patients' quality of life, and acupuncture, as a traditional therapy, has demonstrated unique advantages in improving these conditions. This study aims to systematically investigate the clinical advancements and mechanisms of acupuncture in treating post-stroke sequelae by integrating literature review with clinical data analysis, summarizing relevant research findings both domestically and internationally over recent years. A total of 126 high-quality clinical trials and basic research papers published between 2010 and 2023 were collected, and the data were processed using me ta-analysis and systematic review methods. The results indicate that acupuncture can significantly enhance limb motor function, speech ex pression ability, and cognitive levels in stroke patients, particularly demonstrating remarkable effects in promoting neural function recovery. An innovation of this study lies in its first-time integration of acupuncture treatment with modern neuroscience theory, explaining its mechanism from the perspective of neuroplasticity. It was found that acupuncture can modulate the ex pression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), activate endogenous repair pathways, and thereby promote the regeneration of damaged neurons. Additionally, the study revealed the specific regulatory effects of different acupoint combinations on particular brain regions, providing theoretical support for personalized treatment protocols. The research shows that acupuncture, as an adjuvant therapy, is not only safe and effective but also holds promising clinical application prospects, offering new insights and directions for exploring stroke rehabilitation treatments.
Keywords：Acupuncture Treatment；Stroke Sequelae；Neural Plasticity；Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor；Personalized Treatment Plan
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 中风后遗症的病理生理基础 2
1.1 中风后神经损伤机制 2
1.2 脑功能重塑与康复 2
1.3 神经递质变化及其影响 3
第二章 针灸治疗中风后遗症的临床应用 5
2.1 针灸疗法的历史与发展 5
2.2 针灸对运动功能的改善 5
2.3 针灸对感觉障碍的疗效 6
第三章 针灸治疗中风后遗症的作用机制 7
3.1 针灸对脑血流的影响 7
3.2 针灸对神经保护的作用 7
3.3 针灸对炎症反应的调节 8
第四章 针灸治疗中风后遗症的最新进展 9
4.1 新型针灸技术的应用 9
4.2 个性化针灸方案探索 9
4.3 针灸与其他疗法的联合 10
结 论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
