摘 要
随着城市化进程的加快和建筑行业的蓬勃发展，土木工程领域产生了大量废弃物，这不仅占用土地资源，还可能对环境造成污染。为实现可持续发展目标，本研究聚焦于土木工程中废弃物资源化利用技术，旨在探索有效的处理方法以减少废弃物对环境的影响并提高资源利用率。通过文献综述与实地调研相结合的方式，系统分析了当前国内外土木工程废弃物处理现状及存在的问题，重点考察了混凝土、砖瓦等常见废弃物的物理化学特性及其在再生材料制备中的应用潜力。研究发现，采用机械破碎筛选分级后得到的不同粒径级配的再生骨料可部分替代天然砂石用于混凝土生产，并且添加适量外加剂能够改善其工作性能；废旧沥青混合料经热再生处理后可重新铺设路面，显著降低了原材料消耗。此外，本研究创新性地提出了一种基于微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀技术来增强再生骨料界面过渡区强度的方法，实验结果表明该方法能有效提升再生混凝土的力学性能。此研究成果为土木工程废弃物资源化利用提供了新的思路和技术支持，对于推动绿色建筑发展具有重要意义。
关键词：土木工程废弃物；资源化利用；再生骨料；微生物诱导碳酸钙沉淀；废旧沥青混合料热再生
Abstract
With the acceleration of urbanization and the vigorous development of the construction industry, a substantial amount of waste has been generated in the field of civil engineering, which not only occupies land resources but also poses potential environmental pollution risks. To achieve sustainable development goals, this study focuses on waste resource utilization technologies in civil engineering, aiming to explore effective treatment methods to reduce the environmental impact of waste and improve resource efficiency. By combining literature review with field research, this study systematically analyzes the current status and existing problems of civil engineering waste management both domestically and internationally, with particular emphasis on the physicochemical properties of common wastes such as concrete and bricks and their potential applications in the preparation of recycled materials. The findings indicate that recycled aggregates obtained through mechanical crushing, screening, and grading can partially replace natural sand and gravel in concrete production, and the addition of appropriate admixtures can enhance their workability; reclaimed asphalt pavement, after thermal regeneration treatment, can be reused for road paving, significantly reducing raw material consumption. Moreover, this study innovatively proposes a method based on microbially induced calcium carbonate precipitation to strengthen the interfacial transition zone of recycled aggregates, and experimental results show that this method effectively improves the mechanical properties of recycled concrete. This research provides new insights and technical support for the resource utilization of civil engineering waste and holds significant implications for promoting the development of green buildings.
Keywords：Construction Waste；Resource Recovery；Recycled Aggregate；Microbially Induced Calcite Precipitation；Hot Recycling Of Reclaimed Asphalt Mixture
目 录
摘 要 I
Abstract II
引 言 1
第一章 废弃物资源化利用的背景与意义 2
1.1 土木工程中的废弃物现状 2
1.2 资源化利用的重要性 2
1.3 国内外研究进展 3
第二章 废弃物在土木工程材料中的应用 5
2.1 废弃混凝土的再利用技术 5
2.2 建筑垃圾制备再生骨料 5
2.3 工业废渣在建筑材料中的应用 6
第三章 废弃物资源化利用的关键技术 7
3.1 分类收集与预处理技术 7
3.2 再生材料性能优化方法 7
3.3 环境影响评估与控制 8
第四章 废弃物资源化利用的工程实践 10
4.1 典型工程案例分析 10
4.2 经济效益与社会效益 10
4.3 推广应用面临的挑战 11
结 论 12
参考文献 13
致 谢 14
