犬猫慢性肾脏病诊断与治疗新进展
摘 要
犬猫慢性肾脏病（CKD）是常见的老年性疾病，严重影响宠物健康与寿命。本研究旨在探讨犬猫CKD的最新诊断与治疗方法，通过系统综述2018-2023年国内外相关文献，结合临床实践案例分析，总结出早期筛查、精准诊断和个体化治疗的新策略。研究发现，新型生物标志物如NGAL、KIM-1等在早期诊断中具有重要价值，超声造影技术可更准确评估肾功能损伤程度。治疗方面，除传统对症支持疗法外，益生菌调节肠道微生态、SGLT2抑制剂改善代谢紊乱等创新方案取得良好效果。研究还提出基于风险分层的个体化管理理念，强调多学科协作诊疗模式的重要性。结果表明，采用综合干预措施能有效延缓疾病进展，提高患者生活质量。本研究为兽医临床提供了科学依据和技术支持，推动了犬猫CKD诊疗水平的提升。
关键词：犬猫慢性肾脏病；早期诊断；新型生物标志物
NEW PROGRESS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN DOGS AND CATS
ABSTRACT
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs and cats is a common senile disease that seriously affects the health and life span of pets. This study aims to explore the latest diagnosis and treatment of CKD in dogs and cats, systematically review relevant literature from 2018-2023, and summarize new strategies for early screening, precise diagnosis and individualized treatment. It have found that novel biomarkers such as NGAL and KIM-1 have important value in early diagnosis, and CEUS can more accurately assess the degree of renal function injury. In terms of treatment, in addition to the traditional symptomatic support therapy, innovative programs such as probiotics regulating intestinal microecology and SGLT 2 inhibitors improving me tabolic disorders have achieved good results. The study also proposes the individualized management concept based on risk stratification, and emphasizes the importance of the multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment model. The results show that comprehensive interventions can effectively delay disease progression and improve the quality of life of patients. This study provides scientific basis and technical support for veterinary clinical practice, and promotes the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment level of CKD in dogs and cats.
KEY WORDS：Chronic kidney disease in dogs and cats; early diagnosis; novel biomarkers
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 慢性肾脏病的病理机制研究 3
2.1 犬猫 3
2.2 肾脏损伤进展机制 3
2.3 细胞凋亡与炎症反应 3
第3章 早期诊断技术的新发展 5
3.1 生物标志物检测方法 5
3.2 影像学诊断进展 5
3.3 尿液分析新技术应用 5
第4章 治疗方案的优化探索 7
4.1 药物治疗最新进展 7
4.2 营养支持疗法改进 7
4.3 替代治疗手段评估 7
第5章 预后管理与生活质量改善 9
5.1 长期监测指标体系 9
5.2 并发症防治策略 9
5.3 家庭护理指导原则 9
第6章 结论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
摘 要
犬猫慢性肾脏病（CKD）是常见的老年性疾病，严重影响宠物健康与寿命。本研究旨在探讨犬猫CKD的最新诊断与治疗方法，通过系统综述2018-2023年国内外相关文献，结合临床实践案例分析，总结出早期筛查、精准诊断和个体化治疗的新策略。研究发现，新型生物标志物如NGAL、KIM-1等在早期诊断中具有重要价值，超声造影技术可更准确评估肾功能损伤程度。治疗方面，除传统对症支持疗法外，益生菌调节肠道微生态、SGLT2抑制剂改善代谢紊乱等创新方案取得良好效果。研究还提出基于风险分层的个体化管理理念，强调多学科协作诊疗模式的重要性。结果表明，采用综合干预措施能有效延缓疾病进展，提高患者生活质量。本研究为兽医临床提供了科学依据和技术支持，推动了犬猫CKD诊疗水平的提升。
关键词：犬猫慢性肾脏病；早期诊断；新型生物标志物
NEW PROGRESS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF CHRONIC KIDNEY DISEASE IN DOGS AND CATS
ABSTRACT
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) in dogs and cats is a common senile disease that seriously affects the health and life span of pets. This study aims to explore the latest diagnosis and treatment of CKD in dogs and cats, systematically review relevant literature from 2018-2023, and summarize new strategies for early screening, precise diagnosis and individualized treatment. It have found that novel biomarkers such as NGAL and KIM-1 have important value in early diagnosis, and CEUS can more accurately assess the degree of renal function injury. In terms of treatment, in addition to the traditional symptomatic support therapy, innovative programs such as probiotics regulating intestinal microecology and SGLT 2 inhibitors improving me tabolic disorders have achieved good results. The study also proposes the individualized management concept based on risk stratification, and emphasizes the importance of the multidisciplinary collaborative diagnosis and treatment model. The results show that comprehensive interventions can effectively delay disease progression and improve the quality of life of patients. This study provides scientific basis and technical support for veterinary clinical practice, and promotes the improvement of the diagnosis and treatment level of CKD in dogs and cats.
KEY WORDS：Chronic kidney disease in dogs and cats; early diagnosis; novel biomarkers
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 国内外研究现状 1
第2章 慢性肾脏病的病理机制研究 3
2.1 犬猫 3
2.2 肾脏损伤进展机制 3
2.3 细胞凋亡与炎症反应 3
第3章 早期诊断技术的新发展 5
3.1 生物标志物检测方法 5
3.2 影像学诊断进展 5
3.3 尿液分析新技术应用 5
第4章 治疗方案的优化探索 7
4.1 药物治疗最新进展 7
4.2 营养支持疗法改进 7
4.3 替代治疗手段评估 7
第5章 预后管理与生活质量改善 9
5.1 长期监测指标体系 9
5.2 并发症防治策略 9
5.3 家庭护理指导原则 9
第6章 结论 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
