摘要
民事侵权损害赔偿中的精神损害赔偿制度作为现代民法的重要组成部分，随着社会经济的发展和人权观念的深化而日益受到重视。本研究旨在探讨我国现行法律框架下精神损害赔偿制度的理论基础、适用范围及司法实践中的具体问题。通过对国内外相关立法例的比较分析以及对我国司法判例的实证研究，揭示当前制度存在的不足之处并提出完善建议。研究发现，我国精神损害赔偿制度在立法层面存在原则性规定较为笼统、量化标准缺乏等问题，在司法实践中则面临认定难、赔偿数额差异大等挑战。本研究创新性地引入了心理学评估机制以辅助司法裁判，并构建了基于受害程度分级的精神损害赔偿量化模型，为司法实践提供了更具操作性的参考依据。此外，本研究还强调了精神损害赔偿应兼顾抚慰与惩戒双重功能，既维护受害人权益又规范侵权行为，从而实现法律效果与社会效果的有机统一，推动我国精神损害赔偿制度向更加科学合理方向发展。
关键词：精神损害赔偿；民事侵权；司法实践
Abstract
The compensation system for non-pecuniary damage in civil torts, as an integral part of modern civil law, has gained increasing attention with the development of social economy and the deepening of human rights concepts. This study aims to explore the theoretical foundation, scope of application, and specific issues in judicial practice of the non-pecuniary damage compensation system under China's current legal fr amework. By comparing domestic and international legislative examples and conducting empirical research on Chinese judicial precedents, this study reveals the deficiencies in the existing system and proposes improvements. The findings indicate that, at the legislative level, China's non-pecuniary damage compensation system suffers from vague principle-based regulations and a lack of quantification standards, while in judicial practice, it faces challenges such as difficulties in determination and significant variations in compensation amounts. Innovatively, this study introduces a psychological evaluation mechanism to assist judicial adjudication and constructs a quantification model for non-pecuniary damage compensation based on graded victim impact, providing more operational reference for judicial practice. Additionally, this study emphasizes that non-pecuniary damage compensation should balance both consolatory and punitive functions, protecting victims' rights while regulating tortious behavior, thereby achieving an organic unity of legal and social effects and promoting the development of China's non-pecuniary damage compensation system towards greater scientific rationality.
Keywords：Mental Damage Compensation; Civil Tort; Judicial Practice
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、精神损害赔偿的理论基础 2
(一) 精神损害的概念界定 2
(二) 精神损害赔偿的法理依据 3
(三) 精神损害赔偿的功能定位 4
三、精神损害赔偿的适用范围 4
(一) 人格权侵害中的精神损害赔偿 4
(二) 身份权侵害中的精神损害赔偿 5
(三) 特殊情形下的精神损害赔偿 6
四、精神损害赔偿数额的确定 6
(一) 确定赔偿数额的原则 7
(二) 影响赔偿数额的因素 7
(三) 典型案例分析与启示 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
民事侵权损害赔偿中的精神损害赔偿制度作为现代民法的重要组成部分，随着社会经济的发展和人权观念的深化而日益受到重视。本研究旨在探讨我国现行法律框架下精神损害赔偿制度的理论基础、适用范围及司法实践中的具体问题。通过对国内外相关立法例的比较分析以及对我国司法判例的实证研究，揭示当前制度存在的不足之处并提出完善建议。研究发现，我国精神损害赔偿制度在立法层面存在原则性规定较为笼统、量化标准缺乏等问题，在司法实践中则面临认定难、赔偿数额差异大等挑战。本研究创新性地引入了心理学评估机制以辅助司法裁判，并构建了基于受害程度分级的精神损害赔偿量化模型，为司法实践提供了更具操作性的参考依据。此外，本研究还强调了精神损害赔偿应兼顾抚慰与惩戒双重功能，既维护受害人权益又规范侵权行为，从而实现法律效果与社会效果的有机统一，推动我国精神损害赔偿制度向更加科学合理方向发展。
关键词：精神损害赔偿；民事侵权；司法实践
Abstract
The compensation system for non-pecuniary damage in civil torts, as an integral part of modern civil law, has gained increasing attention with the development of social economy and the deepening of human rights concepts. This study aims to explore the theoretical foundation, scope of application, and specific issues in judicial practice of the non-pecuniary damage compensation system under China's current legal fr amework. By comparing domestic and international legislative examples and conducting empirical research on Chinese judicial precedents, this study reveals the deficiencies in the existing system and proposes improvements. The findings indicate that, at the legislative level, China's non-pecuniary damage compensation system suffers from vague principle-based regulations and a lack of quantification standards, while in judicial practice, it faces challenges such as difficulties in determination and significant variations in compensation amounts. Innovatively, this study introduces a psychological evaluation mechanism to assist judicial adjudication and constructs a quantification model for non-pecuniary damage compensation based on graded victim impact, providing more operational reference for judicial practice. Additionally, this study emphasizes that non-pecuniary damage compensation should balance both consolatory and punitive functions, protecting victims' rights while regulating tortious behavior, thereby achieving an organic unity of legal and social effects and promoting the development of China's non-pecuniary damage compensation system towards greater scientific rationality.
Keywords：Mental Damage Compensation; Civil Tort; Judicial Practice
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、精神损害赔偿的理论基础 2
(一) 精神损害的概念界定 2
(二) 精神损害赔偿的法理依据 3
(三) 精神损害赔偿的功能定位 4
三、精神损害赔偿的适用范围 4
(一) 人格权侵害中的精神损害赔偿 4
(二) 身份权侵害中的精神损害赔偿 5
(三) 特殊情形下的精神损害赔偿 6
四、精神损害赔偿数额的确定 6
(一) 确定赔偿数额的原则 7
(二) 影响赔偿数额的因素 7
(三) 典型案例分析与启示 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
