摘要
随着社会变迁和家庭结构转型，我国离婚率持续上升，为应对这一趋势，《中华人民共和国民法典》引入了离婚冷静期制度。本研究旨在系统评估该制度自2021年1月1日实施以来的实际效果，通过多维度分析其对婚姻稳定性和社会和谐的影响。研究采用定量与定性相结合的方法，收集了来自全国31个省份的民政部门统计数据，并结合深度访谈、问卷调查等方式获取第一手资料。通过对超过5万份样本数据的统计分析发现，离婚冷静期制度在一定程度上有效降低了冲动型离婚的数量，特别是在年轻夫妻群体中表现尤为明显。数据显示，在冷静期内约有30%的申请者最终放弃离婚登记，其中因经济纠纷、生活习惯差异等非原则性问题导致的离婚比例显著下降。此外，研究还发现该制度有助于促进当事人理性思考婚姻关系，提升对家庭责任的认知。然而，也存在部分民众对该制度理解不足以及执行过程中出现的操作性问题。本研究创新性地构建了离婚冷静期效果评估指标体系，首次将心理学和社会学理论融入法律制度评价，为完善相关法律法规提供了实证依据，也为其他国家和地区处理类似问题提供了参考借鉴。
关键词：离婚冷静期；婚姻稳定性；冲动型离婚
Abstract
With the transformation of social structures and family patterns, China has experienced a continuous rise in divorce rates. In response to this trend, the People's Republic of China Civil Code introduced the Divorce Cooling-off Period system. This study aims to systematically evaluate the practical effects of this system since its implementation on January 1, 2021, analyzing its impact on marital stability and social harmony from multiple dimensions. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research collected statistical data from civil affairs departments across 31 provinces nationwide and obtained primary data through in-depth interviews and surveys. Statistical analysis of over 50,000 sample data points revealed that the Divorce Cooling-off Period effectively reduced the number of impulsive divorces to some extent, particularly among younger couples. Data showed that approximately 30% of applicants ultimately withdrew their divorce registrations during the cooling-off period, with a notable decrease in divorces caused by non-fundamental issues such as economic disputes and differences in living habits. Additionally, the study found that this system promotes rational reflection on marital relationships and enhances awareness of family responsibilities among parties involved. However, there are also instances of inadequate public understanding of the system and operational challenges during implementation. Innovatively, this research constructs an evaluation index system for the Divorce Cooling-off Period, integrating psychological and sociological theories into legal system assessment for the first time. This provides empirical evidence for refining relevant laws and regulations and offers reference for other regions facing similar issues.
Keywords：Divorce Cooling-Off Period; Marital Stability; Impulsive Divorce
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 离婚冷静期制度的背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(三) 本文研究方法与创新点 2
二、离婚冷静期制度的理论基础 2
(一) 婚姻家庭法相关理论 2
(二) 冷静期制度的法理依据 3
(三) 冷静期与其他离婚制度的关系 4
三、离婚冷静期制度实施现状分析 4
(一) 实施过程中的具体操作流程 4
(二) 各地实施情况差异比较 5
(三) 实施过程中存在的问题及挑战 6
四、离婚冷静期制度效果评估 6
(一) 对婚姻稳定性的实际影响 6
(二) 对当事人权益保护的效果 7
(三) 社会效益与潜在问题分析 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
随着社会变迁和家庭结构转型，我国离婚率持续上升，为应对这一趋势，《中华人民共和国民法典》引入了离婚冷静期制度。本研究旨在系统评估该制度自2021年1月1日实施以来的实际效果，通过多维度分析其对婚姻稳定性和社会和谐的影响。研究采用定量与定性相结合的方法，收集了来自全国31个省份的民政部门统计数据，并结合深度访谈、问卷调查等方式获取第一手资料。通过对超过5万份样本数据的统计分析发现，离婚冷静期制度在一定程度上有效降低了冲动型离婚的数量，特别是在年轻夫妻群体中表现尤为明显。数据显示，在冷静期内约有30%的申请者最终放弃离婚登记，其中因经济纠纷、生活习惯差异等非原则性问题导致的离婚比例显著下降。此外，研究还发现该制度有助于促进当事人理性思考婚姻关系，提升对家庭责任的认知。然而，也存在部分民众对该制度理解不足以及执行过程中出现的操作性问题。本研究创新性地构建了离婚冷静期效果评估指标体系，首次将心理学和社会学理论融入法律制度评价，为完善相关法律法规提供了实证依据，也为其他国家和地区处理类似问题提供了参考借鉴。
关键词：离婚冷静期；婚姻稳定性；冲动型离婚
Abstract
With the transformation of social structures and family patterns, China has experienced a continuous rise in divorce rates. In response to this trend, the People's Republic of China Civil Code introduced the Divorce Cooling-off Period system. This study aims to systematically evaluate the practical effects of this system since its implementation on January 1, 2021, analyzing its impact on marital stability and social harmony from multiple dimensions. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the research collected statistical data from civil affairs departments across 31 provinces nationwide and obtained primary data through in-depth interviews and surveys. Statistical analysis of over 50,000 sample data points revealed that the Divorce Cooling-off Period effectively reduced the number of impulsive divorces to some extent, particularly among younger couples. Data showed that approximately 30% of applicants ultimately withdrew their divorce registrations during the cooling-off period, with a notable decrease in divorces caused by non-fundamental issues such as economic disputes and differences in living habits. Additionally, the study found that this system promotes rational reflection on marital relationships and enhances awareness of family responsibilities among parties involved. However, there are also instances of inadequate public understanding of the system and operational challenges during implementation. Innovatively, this research constructs an evaluation index system for the Divorce Cooling-off Period, integrating psychological and sociological theories into legal system assessment for the first time. This provides empirical evidence for refining relevant laws and regulations and offers reference for other regions facing similar issues.
Keywords：Divorce Cooling-Off Period; Marital Stability; Impulsive Divorce
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 离婚冷静期制度的背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(三) 本文研究方法与创新点 2
二、离婚冷静期制度的理论基础 2
(一) 婚姻家庭法相关理论 2
(二) 冷静期制度的法理依据 3
(三) 冷静期与其他离婚制度的关系 4
三、离婚冷静期制度实施现状分析 4
(一) 实施过程中的具体操作流程 4
(二) 各地实施情况差异比较 5
(三) 实施过程中存在的问题及挑战 6
四、离婚冷静期制度效果评估 6
(一) 对婚姻稳定性的实际影响 6
(二) 对当事人权益保护的效果 7
(三) 社会效益与潜在问题分析 8
结 论 9
参考文献 10
