摘要
随着市场经济的发展，债权转让在商业交易中日益频繁，《民法典》对债权转让制度进行了系统规定，为研究该制度的法律效果与实务应用提供了新的视角和依据。本研究旨在深入剖析《民法典》中债权转让制度的法律效果，并探讨其在司法实践中的具体应用。通过文献分析、案例研究等方法，梳理了债权转让通知效力、从权利转移、抗辩权及抵销权变动等核心问题。研究发现，《民法典》明确了债权转让通知的形式要件和效力范围，确立了从权利随主债权一并转让的原则，同时对债务人抗辩权及抵销权的行使条件进行了优化。创新之处在于，首次将债权转让通知的相对效力理论引入国内研究，提出区分不同类型债权转让的通知方式及其法律后果，为司法实践提供了更具操作性的指引。此外，通过对大量典型案例的分析，归纳出债权转让过程中常见的风险点及防范措施，为市场主体参与债权转让活动提供了有益参考，有助于完善我国债权转让制度，促进市场经济发展。
关键词：债权转让；民法典；通知效力
Abstract
With the development of the market economy, the assignment of claims has become increasingly frequent in commercial transactions. The Civil Code systematically regulates the system of claim assignment, providing new perspectives and grounds for studying its legal effects and practical applications. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the legal effects of claim assignment under the Civil Code and explore its specific applications in judicial practice. Through methods such as literature analysis and case studies, this research examines core issues including the effectiveness of notification of claim assignment, the transfer of accessory rights, changes in defenses, and set-off rights. It is found that the Civil Code clarifies the formal requirements and scope of effectiveness for notifications of claim assignment, establishes the principle that accessory rights are transferred together with the principal claim, and optimizes the conditions for the exercise of the debtor’s defenses and set-off rights. An innovative aspect of this study is the introduction of the theory of relative effectiveness of notification of claim assignment into domestic research, proposing differentiated notification methods and their legal consequences for different types of claim assignments, thereby offering more operational guidance for judicial practice. Additionally, through the analysis of numerous typical cases, common risk points and preventive measures during the process of claim assignment are summarized, providing valuable references for market entities participating in claim assignment activities, which contributes to the improvement of China’s claim assignment system and the promotion of market economic development.
Keywords：Creditor's Rights Transfer; Civil Code; Notice Effectiveness
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法概述 2
二、债权转让的法律基础 2
(一) 民法典中的债权转让规定 2
(二) 债权转让的构成要件 3
(三) 债权转让的限制条件 4
三、债权转让的法律效果 4
(一) 对转让人与受让人的效力 4
(二) 对债务人的效力影响 5
(三) 第三人利益保护机制 6
四、债权转让的实务应用 7
(一) 金融领域中的应用实例 7
(二) 商事交易中的实践分析 7
(三) 法律风险防控措施 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
随着市场经济的发展，债权转让在商业交易中日益频繁，《民法典》对债权转让制度进行了系统规定，为研究该制度的法律效果与实务应用提供了新的视角和依据。本研究旨在深入剖析《民法典》中债权转让制度的法律效果，并探讨其在司法实践中的具体应用。通过文献分析、案例研究等方法，梳理了债权转让通知效力、从权利转移、抗辩权及抵销权变动等核心问题。研究发现，《民法典》明确了债权转让通知的形式要件和效力范围，确立了从权利随主债权一并转让的原则，同时对债务人抗辩权及抵销权的行使条件进行了优化。创新之处在于，首次将债权转让通知的相对效力理论引入国内研究，提出区分不同类型债权转让的通知方式及其法律后果，为司法实践提供了更具操作性的指引。此外，通过对大量典型案例的分析，归纳出债权转让过程中常见的风险点及防范措施，为市场主体参与债权转让活动提供了有益参考，有助于完善我国债权转让制度，促进市场经济发展。
关键词：债权转让；民法典；通知效力
Abstract
With the development of the market economy, the assignment of claims has become increasingly frequent in commercial transactions. The Civil Code systematically regulates the system of claim assignment, providing new perspectives and grounds for studying its legal effects and practical applications. This study aims to thoroughly analyze the legal effects of claim assignment under the Civil Code and explore its specific applications in judicial practice. Through methods such as literature analysis and case studies, this research examines core issues including the effectiveness of notification of claim assignment, the transfer of accessory rights, changes in defenses, and set-off rights. It is found that the Civil Code clarifies the formal requirements and scope of effectiveness for notifications of claim assignment, establishes the principle that accessory rights are transferred together with the principal claim, and optimizes the conditions for the exercise of the debtor’s defenses and set-off rights. An innovative aspect of this study is the introduction of the theory of relative effectiveness of notification of claim assignment into domestic research, proposing differentiated notification methods and their legal consequences for different types of claim assignments, thereby offering more operational guidance for judicial practice. Additionally, through the analysis of numerous typical cases, common risk points and preventive measures during the process of claim assignment are summarized, providing valuable references for market entities participating in claim assignment activities, which contributes to the improvement of China’s claim assignment system and the promotion of market economic development.
Keywords：Creditor's Rights Transfer; Civil Code; Notice Effectiveness
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 研究现状综述 1
(三) 研究方法概述 2
二、债权转让的法律基础 2
(一) 民法典中的债权转让规定 2
(二) 债权转让的构成要件 3
(三) 债权转让的限制条件 4
三、债权转让的法律效果 4
(一) 对转让人与受让人的效力 4
(二) 对债务人的效力影响 5
(三) 第三人利益保护机制 6
四、债权转让的实务应用 7
(一) 金融领域中的应用实例 7
(二) 商事交易中的实践分析 7
(三) 法律风险防控措施 8
结 论 10
参考文献 11
