羊布鲁氏菌病的流行病学研究
摘 要
羊布鲁氏菌病作为一种重要的人畜共患病，在全球范围内对畜牧业和公共卫生构成严重威胁。本研究旨在系统分析中国羊布鲁氏菌病的流行病学特征，评估其传播风险，并提出有效的防控策略。研究采用多中心横断面调查方法，收集了2018年至2022年间全国15个省份的羊群血清样本及流行病学数据，结合分子生物学检测技术对病原体进行分型鉴定。结果显示，羊布鲁氏菌病的总体感染率为8.3%，其中北方地区的感染率显著高于南方地区（12.1% vs. 4.7%）。分子分型表明，Brucella melitensis是主要流行菌株，占检出菌株的92.6%。通过空间分析发现，感染率与养殖密度、气候条件及防疫措施密切相关。研究还揭示了羊布鲁氏菌病在人与动物间的传播链，强调了加强跨部门协作的重要性。
关键词：羊布鲁氏菌病；流行病学特征；分子分型
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SHEEP BRUCELLOSIS
ABSTRACT
As an important zoonosis, sheep brucellosis poses a serious threat to livestock husbandry and public health worldwide. This study aims to systematically analyze the epidemiological characteristics of sheep brucellosis in China, assess its transmission risk, and propose effective prevention and control strategies. A multi-center cross-sectional survey collected herd serum samples and epidemiological data from 15 provinces from 2018 to 2022, and typed pathogens combined with molecular biology detection technology. The results showed that the overall infection rate of sheep brucellosis was 8.3%, and the infection rate in the northern region was significantly higher than that in the southern region (12.1% vs. 4.7%). Molecular typing indicated that Brucella melitensis was the dominant prevalent strain, accounting for 92.6% of the detected strains. Through spatial analysis, it is found that the infection rate is closely related to the breeding density, climatic conditions and epidemic prevention measures. The study also revealed the transmission chain of sheep brucecellosis between humans and animals, emphasizing the importance of strengthening cross-sectoral collaboration.
KEY WORDS：Brucellosis ovsheep; epidemiological characteristics; molecular typing
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
第2章 羊布鲁氏菌病的病原学特征 2
2.1 布鲁氏菌的生物学特性 2
2.2 羊布鲁氏菌的传播途径 2
2.3 病原体的致病机制 3
第3章 羊布鲁氏菌病的流行特征 4
3.1 全球及中国的流行现状 4
3.2 影响流行的主要因素 4
3.3 季节性分布与地理差异 5
第4章 羊布鲁氏菌病的防控策略 6
4.1 现有防控措施的效果评估 6
4.2 疫苗研发与应用进展 6
4.3 综合防控体系的构建建议 6
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
摘 要
羊布鲁氏菌病作为一种重要的人畜共患病，在全球范围内对畜牧业和公共卫生构成严重威胁。本研究旨在系统分析中国羊布鲁氏菌病的流行病学特征，评估其传播风险，并提出有效的防控策略。研究采用多中心横断面调查方法，收集了2018年至2022年间全国15个省份的羊群血清样本及流行病学数据，结合分子生物学检测技术对病原体进行分型鉴定。结果显示，羊布鲁氏菌病的总体感染率为8.3%，其中北方地区的感染率显著高于南方地区（12.1% vs. 4.7%）。分子分型表明，Brucella melitensis是主要流行菌株，占检出菌株的92.6%。通过空间分析发现，感染率与养殖密度、气候条件及防疫措施密切相关。研究还揭示了羊布鲁氏菌病在人与动物间的传播链，强调了加强跨部门协作的重要性。
关键词：羊布鲁氏菌病；流行病学特征；分子分型
EPIDEMIOLOGICAL STUDIES OF SHEEP BRUCELLOSIS
ABSTRACT
As an important zoonosis, sheep brucellosis poses a serious threat to livestock husbandry and public health worldwide. This study aims to systematically analyze the epidemiological characteristics of sheep brucellosis in China, assess its transmission risk, and propose effective prevention and control strategies. A multi-center cross-sectional survey collected herd serum samples and epidemiological data from 15 provinces from 2018 to 2022, and typed pathogens combined with molecular biology detection technology. The results showed that the overall infection rate of sheep brucellosis was 8.3%, and the infection rate in the northern region was significantly higher than that in the southern region (12.1% vs. 4.7%). Molecular typing indicated that Brucella melitensis was the dominant prevalent strain, accounting for 92.6% of the detected strains. Through spatial analysis, it is found that the infection rate is closely related to the breeding density, climatic conditions and epidemic prevention measures. The study also revealed the transmission chain of sheep brucecellosis between humans and animals, emphasizing the importance of strengthening cross-sectoral collaboration.
KEY WORDS：Brucellosis ovsheep; epidemiological characteristics; molecular typing
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究目的和内容 1
第2章 羊布鲁氏菌病的病原学特征 2
2.1 布鲁氏菌的生物学特性 2
2.2 羊布鲁氏菌的传播途径 2
2.3 病原体的致病机制 3
第3章 羊布鲁氏菌病的流行特征 4
3.1 全球及中国的流行现状 4
3.2 影响流行的主要因素 4
3.3 季节性分布与地理差异 5
第4章 羊布鲁氏菌病的防控策略 6
4.1 现有防控措施的效果评估 6
4.2 疫苗研发与应用进展 6
4.3 综合防控体系的构建建议 6
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
