农业水资源高效利用技术的研究与推广 -农学专业

摘要

本文旨在探讨农业水资源的高效利用技术，以应对全球水资源短缺和农业用水需求增长的双重挑战。文章首先概述了农业水资源高效利用技术的定义、分类、发展历程及其在农业领域的应用前景。随后，深入分析了灌溉技术革新、水资源管理与优化、节水农业技术以及水资源循环利用等关键技术领域，并讨论了这些技术在实际应用中的优势与挑战。在灌溉技术革新方面，本文重点介绍了滴灌、喷灌、微喷以及智能灌溉系统等现代灌溉技术，这些技术通过提高水的利用效率，显著减少了农业用水的浪费。水资源管理与优化部分则涵盖了水资源监测、配置模型、调度策略和水价政策，强调了科学管理和政策支持在水资源高效利用中的重要性。节水农业技术章节讨论了作物耐旱品种选育、覆盖保墒技术、农业结构调整以及节水农业模式等方法，这些技术有助于提高作物的水分利用效率，减少对水资源的依赖。水资源循环利用部分则探讨了雨水收集、废水处理再利用、地下水回灌以及循环农业模式等，展示了通过循环利用实现水资源的可持续管理。

关键词：农业水资源；高效利用；灌溉技术；节水农业

RESEARCH AND POPULARIZATION OF EFFICIENT UTILIZATION TECHNOLOGY OF AGRICULTURAL WATER RESOURCES

ABSTRACT

This paper aims to explore the efficient utilization of agricultural water resources to meet the dual challenges of global water shortage and increasing agricultural water demand. In this paper, the definition, classification, development process and application prospect of agricultural water resources efficient utilization technology are summarized. Then, the key technical fields such as irrigation technology innovation, water resources management and optimization, water-saving agricultural technology and water resources recycling are analyzed, and the advantages and challenges of these technologies in practical application are discussed. In terms of irrigation technology innovation, this paper focuses on modern irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation, micro-spray and intelligent irrigation system, which significantly reduce the waste of agricultural water by improving the efficiency of water utilization. Water resource management and optimization covers water resource monitoring, allocation models, scheduling strategies and water price policies, emphasizing the importance of scientific management and policy support in the efficient use of water resources. In the chapter on water-saving agricultural technology, methods such as drought-tolerant crop varieties selection, mulching and moisture conservation technology, agricultural structure adjustment and water-saving agricultural model are discussed, which can help improve the water use efficiency of crops and reduce their dependence on water resources. In the part of water resources recycling, rainwater collection, wastewater treatment and reuse, groundwater recharge and circular agriculture model are discussed, demonstrating the sustainable management of water resources through recycling.

KEY WORDS：Agricultural Water Resources; Efficient Use; Irrigation Technology; Water-Saving Agriculture

摘要 I

ABSTRACT II

第1章引言 2

第2章农业水资源高效利用技术概述 3

2.1 技术定义与分类 3

2.2 技术发展历程 3

2.3 技术应用领域与前景 3

第3章农业水资源高效利用的关键技术 5

3.1 灌溉技术革新 5

3.2 水资源管理与优化 5

3.3 节水农业技术 5