摘 要
本研究针对连作障碍导致的土壤生态失衡问题进行了深入探讨，并提出了相应的生态修复策略。首先，论文从土壤健康与生态平衡的理论出发，分析了连作障碍的成因，主要包括作物自毒作用、土壤微生物群落失衡、土壤理化性质恶化和病虫害增加等方面。这些障碍不仅导致农作物产量和品质下降，还引发了土传病害的爆发，以及土壤结构和性状的改变。为克服连作障碍，本文提出了一系列生态修复策略。首先，通过轮作和间作套种的方式，可以有效改善土壤微生物群落结构，减少作物自毒现象。同时，结合物理、化学和生物有机消毒技术，对土壤进行消毒处理，以杀灭病原菌和害虫，恢复土壤健康。其次，增施有机炭物质不仅可以改善土壤物理性质，提高土壤肥力，还有助于土壤碳库的建立和碳循环的改善。最后，土壤强还原处理作为一种新兴技术，通过调整土壤中的电子受体，降低土壤的氧化态，进而促进土壤中重金属的稳定形态转化，为土壤生态修复提供了新的思路。本研究不仅为连作障碍土壤生态修复提供了理论依据和技术支持，也为农业生产中土壤资源的可持续利用和环境保护提供了重要的参考。
关键词：连作障碍；土壤生态修复；轮作；土壤消毒；有机炭物质；土壤强还原处理
STUDY ON SOIL ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION OF CONTINUOUS CROPPING OBSTACLES
ABSTRACT
In this study, the problem of soil ecological imbalance caused by continuous cropping obstacles was deeply discussed, and the corresponding ecological restoration strategies were proposed. Firstly, based on the theory of soil health and ecological balance, the paper analyzed the causes of continuous cropping obstacles, including crop autotoxicity, soil microbial community imbalance, deterioration of soil physical and chemical properties and increase of diseases and pests. These obstacles not only reduce crop yields and quality, but also lead to the outbreak of soil-borne diseases and changes in soil structure and properties. In order to overcome the obstacles of continuous cropping, a series of ecological restoration strategies were proposed. First of all, soil microbial community structure can be effectively improved and crop self-toxicity can be reduced through crop rotation and intercropping. At the same time, combined with physical, chemical and biological organic disinfection technology, soil disinfection treatment is carried out to kill pathogens and pests, and restore soil health. Secondly, increased application of organic carbon can not only improve soil physical properties and soil fertility, but also contribute to the establishment of soil carbon pool and the improvement of carbon cycle. Finally, as a new technology, soil intensive reduction treatment can reduce the oxidation state of soil by adjusting the electron acceptor in soil, and then promote the stable form transformation of heavy me tals in soil, providing a new idea for soil ecological restoration. This study not only provides theoretical basis and technical support for soil ecological restoration of continuous cropping obstacles, but also provides an important reference for the sustainable utilization of soil resources and environmental protection in agricultural production.
KEY WORDS：Continuous cropping obstacles; Soil ecological restoration; Crop rotation; Soil disinfection; Organic carbon material; Soil intensive reduction treatment
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
目 录 1
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景 1
1.2 研究目的及意义 1
第2章 连作障碍土壤生态修复的理论基础 2
2.1 土壤健康与生态平衡的理论 2
2.2 生态补偿与土壤功能恢复机制 2
2.3 土壤肥力与作物生长的关系 3
第3章 连作障碍的成因分析 4
3.1 作物自毒作用 4
3.2 土壤微生物群落失衡 4
3.3 土壤理化性质恶化 4
3.4 病虫害增加 4
第4章 连作障碍对农业生产的影响 6
4.1 产量和品质下降 6
4.2 土传病害爆发 6
4.3 土壤结构和性状改变 6
4.4 病虫害频发 7
第5章 连作障碍的生态修复策略 8
5.1 轮作和间作套种 8
5.2 土壤消毒 8
5.3 增施有机炭物质 9
5.4 土壤强还原处理 9
第6章 结论与展望 11
参考文献 12
致 谢 13
