摘 要
本研究针对动物临床诊疗中抗生素的合理使用进行了深入探究。随着畜牧业的发展，抗生素在动物疾病治疗中扮演着至关重要的角色。本文回顾了抗生素的作用机制与种类，包括干扰细菌细胞壁合成、蛋白合成及DNA合成等机制，以及β-内酰胺类、氨基糖甙类、多肽类、四环素类、大环内酯类等多种抗生素。接着，文章分析了当前动物临床诊疗中抗生素的使用问题，主要包括滥用与过度使用、不合理的用药习惯、忽视药物相互作用与配伍禁忌以及忽视细菌耐药性监测与评估等方面。针对上述问题，本文提出了动物临床诊疗中抗生素的合理使用策略。这些策略包括严格遵循用药原则，确保用药的针对性和有效性；制定合理的用药方案，根据动物的病情和药物特性选择合适的抗生素；关注药物相互作用与配伍禁忌，避免药物间的不良反应；加强耐药性监测与评估，及时调整用药方案以应对耐药性的变化。
关键词：抗生素；动物临床诊疗；合理使用；耐药性
STUDY ON RATIONAL USE OF ANTIBIOTICS IN ANIMAL CLINICAL DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT
ABSTRACT
This study is aimed at the rational use of antibiotics in animal clinical diagnosis and treatment. With the development of animal husbandry, antibiotics have played a crucial role in the treatment of animal diseases. In this paper, the mechanisms and types of antibiotics were reviewed, including interfering with cell wall synthesis, protein synthesis and DNA synthesis, as well as β-lactam, aminoglycoside, polypeptide, tetracycline, macrolides and other antibiotics. Then, the paper analyzed the use of antibiotics in animal clinical diagnosis and treatment, including abuse and overuse, unreasonable medication habits, ignoring drug interaction and incompatibility, and ignoring bacterial resistance monitoring and evaluation. In view of the above problems, this paper put forward the rational use of antibiotics in animal clinical diagnosis and treatment strategy. These strategies include strict adherence to medication principles to ensure the pertinence and effectiveness of medication; Formulate reasonable drug use plan, select appropriate antibiotics according to the disease and drug characteristics of animals; Pay attention to drug interaction and incompatibility to avoid adverse reactions between drugs; Strengthen the monitoring and evaluation of drug resistance, and adjust the medication regimen in time to cope with the change of drug resistance.
KEY WORDS：Antibiotics; Animal Clinical Diagnosis And Treatment; Fair Use; Drug Resistance
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 引言 2
第2章 抗生素的作用机制与种类 3
2.1 作用机制 3
2.2 抗生素种类 3
第3章 动物临床诊疗中抗生素的使用问题 5
3.1 滥用与过度使用 5
3.2 不合理的用药 5
3.3 忽视药物相互作用与配伍禁忌 5
3.4 忽视细菌耐药性监测与评估 6
第4章 动物临床诊疗中抗生素的合理使用策略 7
4.1 严格遵循用药原则 7
4.2 制定合理的用药方案 7
4.3 关注药物相互作用与配伍禁忌 8
4.4 加强耐药性监测与评估 8
第5章 结论 10
参考文献 11
致 谢 12
