小型哺乳动物寄生虫病的预防与控制
摘 要
小型哺乳动物寄生虫病是影响野生动物保护和公共卫生的重要问题，其传播机制复杂且防控难度较大。本研究旨在探索高效、可持续的预防与控制策略，以降低寄生虫病对小型哺乳动物种群及其生态系统的负面影响。通过整合野外调查、实验室分析和数学模型，系统评估了不同环境条件下寄生虫的传播动态及其宿主响应特征。研究选取了典型栖息地中的啮齿类和食虫类动物作为研究对象，采用分子生物学技术鉴定寄生虫种类，并结合GIS空间分析揭示其分布规律。结果表明，环境因子与宿主行为显著影响寄生虫的传播效率，其中温度、湿度和栖息地破碎化是关键驱动因素。基于此，提出了以生态调控为核心的综合防控方案，包括优化栖息地管理、实施靶向药物干预和加强监测预警体系。
关键词：小型哺乳动物；寄生虫病；生态调控
PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF PARASITIC DISEASES IN SMALL MAMMALS
ABSTRACT
Small mammal parasitic disease is an important issue affecting wildlife protection and public health, and its transmission mechanism is complex and difficult to prevent and control. This study aims to explore efficient and sustainable prevention and control strategies to reduce the negative impact of parasitic diseases on small mammal populations and their ecosystems. By integrating field surveys, laboratory analysis, and mathematical models, we systematically evaluated the parasite transmission dynamics and their host response characteristics under different environmental conditions. Rodents and insectivores in typical habitats were selected as research ob jects, and molecular biology techniques were used to identify parasite species, and their distribution was revealed by GIS spatial analysis. Our results show that environmental factors associated with host behavior significantly influence the parasite transmission efficiency, with temperature, humidity, and habitat fragmentation being the key drivers. Based on this, a comprehensive prevention and control scheme with ecological regulation as the core is proposed, including optimizing habitat management, implementing targeted drug intervention and strengthening the monitoring and early warning system.
KEY WORDS：Small mammals; parasitic diseases; ecological regulation
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状分析 1
第2章 小型哺乳动物寄生虫病的流行病学特征 2
2.1 主要寄生虫种类及其分布特征 2
2.2 宿主-寄生虫相互作用机制 2
2.3 环境因素对疾病传播的影响 3
第3章 小型哺乳动物寄生虫病的诊断技术进展 4
3.1 传统诊断方法的局限性分析 4
3.2 分子生物学诊断技术的应用 4
3.3 新型快速检测方法的发展趋势 4
第4章 小型哺乳动物寄生虫病的综合防控策略 6
4.1 生物防治技术的应用前景 6
4.2 化学药物使用的优化方案 6
4.3 生态防控体系的构建路径 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
摘 要
小型哺乳动物寄生虫病是影响野生动物保护和公共卫生的重要问题，其传播机制复杂且防控难度较大。本研究旨在探索高效、可持续的预防与控制策略，以降低寄生虫病对小型哺乳动物种群及其生态系统的负面影响。通过整合野外调查、实验室分析和数学模型，系统评估了不同环境条件下寄生虫的传播动态及其宿主响应特征。研究选取了典型栖息地中的啮齿类和食虫类动物作为研究对象，采用分子生物学技术鉴定寄生虫种类，并结合GIS空间分析揭示其分布规律。结果表明，环境因子与宿主行为显著影响寄生虫的传播效率，其中温度、湿度和栖息地破碎化是关键驱动因素。基于此，提出了以生态调控为核心的综合防控方案，包括优化栖息地管理、实施靶向药物干预和加强监测预警体系。
关键词：小型哺乳动物；寄生虫病；生态调控
PREVENTION AND CONTROL OF PARASITIC DISEASES IN SMALL MAMMALS
ABSTRACT
Small mammal parasitic disease is an important issue affecting wildlife protection and public health, and its transmission mechanism is complex and difficult to prevent and control. This study aims to explore efficient and sustainable prevention and control strategies to reduce the negative impact of parasitic diseases on small mammal populations and their ecosystems. By integrating field surveys, laboratory analysis, and mathematical models, we systematically evaluated the parasite transmission dynamics and their host response characteristics under different environmental conditions. Rodents and insectivores in typical habitats were selected as research ob jects, and molecular biology techniques were used to identify parasite species, and their distribution was revealed by GIS spatial analysis. Our results show that environmental factors associated with host behavior significantly influence the parasite transmission efficiency, with temperature, humidity, and habitat fragmentation being the key drivers. Based on this, a comprehensive prevention and control scheme with ecological regulation as the core is proposed, including optimizing habitat management, implementing targeted drug intervention and strengthening the monitoring and early warning system.
KEY WORDS：Small mammals; parasitic diseases; ecological regulation
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状分析 1
第2章 小型哺乳动物寄生虫病的流行病学特征 2
2.1 主要寄生虫种类及其分布特征 2
2.2 宿主-寄生虫相互作用机制 2
2.3 环境因素对疾病传播的影响 3
第3章 小型哺乳动物寄生虫病的诊断技术进展 4
3.1 传统诊断方法的局限性分析 4
3.2 分子生物学诊断技术的应用 4
3.3 新型快速检测方法的发展趋势 4
第4章 小型哺乳动物寄生虫病的综合防控策略 6
4.1 生物防治技术的应用前景 6
4.2 化学药物使用的优化方案 6
4.3 生态防控体系的构建路径 7
第5章 结论 8
参考文献 9
致 谢 10
