棉花纤维品质改良与高产栽培技术研究
摘 要
棉花作为全球重要的经济作物，其纤维品质与产量直接影响纺织工业的发展。然而，传统栽培技术在应对气候变化、病虫害及土壤退化等方面表现出局限性，亟需通过科学手段进行改良。本研究旨在探索棉花纤维品质提升与高产栽培的综合技术路径，以期为棉花产业的可持续发展提供理论与实践支持。研究采用田间试验与实验室分析相结合的方法，选取中国主要棉区（如新疆、长江流域和黄河流域）的典型品种进行对比实验，重点考察了基因编辑技术在纤维长度、强度及细度方面的应用效果，同时优化了水肥管理、病虫害防控及机械化栽培等环节。结果表明，通过CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术改良的棉花品种，纤维长度平均增加12.5%，强度提升15.3%，显著提高了纺织性能；同时，优化后的栽培技术使单产提高8.7%，且在节水、减排方面表现出显著优势。
关键词：棉花纤维品质；高产栽培技术；基因编辑
RESEARCH ON COTTON FIBER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND HIGH-YIELD CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT
As an important economic crop in the world, the fiber quality and yield of cotton directly affect the development of textile industry. However, traditional cultivation techniques show limitations in dealing with climate change, insect pests and soil degradation, and need to be improved through scientific means. This study aims to explore the comprehensive technical path of cotton fiber quality improvement and high-yield cultivation, in order to provide theoretical and practical support for the sustainable development of cotton industry. Research adopts the method of combining field test and laboratory analysis, select China's main cotton (such as Xinjiang, Yangtze river and the Yellow River basin) the typical varieties of comparative experiment, focusing on the gene editing technology in the fiber length, strength and fineness application effect, at the same time optimize the water management, pest prevention and control and mechanized cultivation. The results show that the cotton varieties improved by CRISPR-Cas 9 gene editing technology increased the fiber length by 12.5% and the strength by 15.3%, which significantly improved the textile performance; Meanwhile, the optimized cultivation technique increased the unit yield by 8.7%, and showed significant advantages in water saving and emission reduction.
KEY WORDS：Cotton fiber quality; high-yield cultivation techniques;gene editing
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
1.3 研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 棉花纤维品质改良的遗传基础与分子机制 3
2.1 棉花纤维发育的遗传调控机制 3
2.2 关键基因在纤维品质改良中的作用 3
2.3 分子标记辅助选择在纤维品质改良中的应用 4
第3章 高产栽培技术对棉花纤维品质的影响 5
3.1 不同栽培模式对棉花产量与纤维品质的影响 5
3.2 水肥管理对棉花纤维品质与产量的协同调控 5
3.3 病虫害防控技术对棉花高产与优质的双重保障 5
第4章 棉花纤维品质改良与高产栽培的综合评价体系构建 7
4.1 基于多指标的棉花纤维品质评价模型构建 7
4.2 高产栽培技术对纤维品质的综合影响分析 7
4.3 棉花纤维品质改良与高产栽培的经济效益评估 7
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
摘 要
棉花作为全球重要的经济作物，其纤维品质与产量直接影响纺织工业的发展。然而，传统栽培技术在应对气候变化、病虫害及土壤退化等方面表现出局限性，亟需通过科学手段进行改良。本研究旨在探索棉花纤维品质提升与高产栽培的综合技术路径，以期为棉花产业的可持续发展提供理论与实践支持。研究采用田间试验与实验室分析相结合的方法，选取中国主要棉区（如新疆、长江流域和黄河流域）的典型品种进行对比实验，重点考察了基因编辑技术在纤维长度、强度及细度方面的应用效果，同时优化了水肥管理、病虫害防控及机械化栽培等环节。结果表明，通过CRISPR-Cas9基因编辑技术改良的棉花品种，纤维长度平均增加12.5%，强度提升15.3%，显著提高了纺织性能；同时，优化后的栽培技术使单产提高8.7%，且在节水、减排方面表现出显著优势。
关键词：棉花纤维品质；高产栽培技术；基因编辑
RESEARCH ON COTTON FIBER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT AND HIGH-YIELD CULTIVATION TECHNOLOGY
ABSTRACT
As an important economic crop in the world, the fiber quality and yield of cotton directly affect the development of textile industry. However, traditional cultivation techniques show limitations in dealing with climate change, insect pests and soil degradation, and need to be improved through scientific means. This study aims to explore the comprehensive technical path of cotton fiber quality improvement and high-yield cultivation, in order to provide theoretical and practical support for the sustainable development of cotton industry. Research adopts the method of combining field test and laboratory analysis, select China's main cotton (such as Xinjiang, Yangtze river and the Yellow River basin) the typical varieties of comparative experiment, focusing on the gene editing technology in the fiber length, strength and fineness application effect, at the same time optimize the water management, pest prevention and control and mechanized cultivation. The results show that the cotton varieties improved by CRISPR-Cas 9 gene editing technology increased the fiber length by 12.5% and the strength by 15.3%, which significantly improved the textile performance; Meanwhile, the optimized cultivation technique increased the unit yield by 8.7%, and showed significant advantages in water saving and emission reduction.
KEY WORDS：Cotton fiber quality; high-yield cultivation techniques;gene editing
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 研究背景及意义 1
1.2 研究现状 1
1.3 研究方法与技术路线 2
第2章 棉花纤维品质改良的遗传基础与分子机制 3
2.1 棉花纤维发育的遗传调控机制 3
2.2 关键基因在纤维品质改良中的作用 3
2.3 分子标记辅助选择在纤维品质改良中的应用 4
第3章 高产栽培技术对棉花纤维品质的影响 5
3.1 不同栽培模式对棉花产量与纤维品质的影响 5
3.2 水肥管理对棉花纤维品质与产量的协同调控 5
3.3 病虫害防控技术对棉花高产与优质的双重保障 5
第4章 棉花纤维品质改良与高产栽培的综合评价体系构建 7
4.1 基于多指标的棉花纤维品质评价模型构建 7
4.2 高产栽培技术对纤维品质的综合影响分析 7
4.3 棉花纤维品质改良与高产栽培的经济效益评估 7
第5章 结论 9
参考文献 10
致 谢 11
