摘要
教育公平是社会公平的重要组成部分，而公共资源分配的合理性和均衡性直接影响教育公平的实现。本研究基于教育公平的视角，探讨公共资源在不同区域、群体和层级间的分配机制及其对教育质量的影响。研究采用定量与定性相结合的方法，通过构建多维度评价指标体系，分析了我国教育资源分配现状，并结合案例研究揭示了现存问题及成因。研究表明，当前公共资源分配存在区域间不平衡、城乡差距显著以及弱势群体保障不足等问题，这些问题在一定程度上制约了教育公平的实现。为解决上述问题，本研究提出优化资源配置的政策建议，包括加强财政转移支付、完善教育投入机制以及提升教育治理能力等措施。研究创新点在于引入动态评估模型以量化资源分配效果，并从微观层面深入剖析个体发展机会的差异性。本研究的主要贡献在于为相关政策制定提供了理论依据和实践参考，有助于推动教育资源分配的公平化与高效化，从而促进教育公平目标的全面实现。
关键词：教育公平；公共资源分配；区域差异；弱势群体保障；动态评估模型
Abstract
Educational equity is a crucial component of social equity, and the rationality and balance of public resource allocation directly affect the realization of educational equity. This study explores the mechanisms of public resource distribution across different regions, groups, and levels from the perspective of educational equity, as well as their impacts on educational quality. By employing a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods, the study constructs a multi-dimensional evaluation index system to analyze the current status of educational resource allocation in China and reveals existing problems and their causes through case studies. The findings indicate that there are significant issues in the current allocation of public resources, such as regional imbalances, pronounced urban-rural disparities, and insufficient protection for disadvantaged groups, which constrain the achievement of educational equity to some extent. To address these challenges, this study proposes policy recommendations for optimizing resource allocation, including enhancing fiscal transfer payments, improving educational investment mechanisms, and strengthening educational governance capabilities. A key innovation of this study lies in the introduction of a dynamic assessment model to quantify the effects of resource distribution and an in-depth analysis of individual developmental opportunity disparities at the micro level. The primary contribution of this research is to provide theoretical foundations and practical references for relevant policy formulation, thereby promoting the fairness and efficiency of educational resource allocation and facilitating the comprehensive realization of educational equity goals.
Keywords：Educational Equity; Public Resource Allocation; Regional Disparity; Vulnerable Group Protection; Dynamic Evaluation Model
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 教育公平与公共资源分配的背景分析 1
(二) 国内外研究现状与发展趋势 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、教育公平的基本理论框架 2
(一) 教育公平的核心概念界定 2
(二) 公共资源分配的理论基础 3
(三) 教育公平与公共资源分配的关系分析 3
三、公共资源配置的现状与问题分析 4
(一) 当前教育资源分配的主要模式 4
(二) 公平性视角下的资源配置问题识别 4
(三) 不同区域间教育资源分配差异分析 5
四、促进教育公平的公共资源优化策略 5
(一) 基于公平原则的资源配置优化路径 5
(二) 政策支持与制度保障体系构建 6
(三) 实施效果评估与改进建议 6
结 论 8
参考文献 9
