摘要
随着全球人口增长和疾病谱的转变，公共卫生资源的优化配置与高效利用已成为保障公众健康的重要议题。本研究旨在探讨如何通过科学方法实现公共卫生资源的合理分配，以提高资源使用效率并缩小区域间健康差距。研究采用多维度分析框架，结合定量与定性方法，对我国不同地区公共卫生资源配置现状进行深入评估，并引入系统动力学模型预测资源配置的长期影响。结果表明，当前资源配置存在显著的地域不平衡问题，特别是在基层医疗服务和预防性投入方面表现尤为突出。通过模拟优化方案，发现基于需求导向的动态调整机制能够显著提升资源利用率，并有效改善健康服务可及性。本研究的创新点在于首次将系统动力学模型应用于公共卫生资源配置领域，同时提出了“需求—供给匹配度”作为衡量资源配置效率的新指标。这一方法为政策制定者提供了科学依据，有助于构建更加公平、高效的公共卫生服务体系，从而为实现全民健康覆盖目标奠定基础。
关键词：公共卫生资源；系统动力学模型；需求导向；资源配置效率；健康服务可及性
Abstract
With the global population growth and the transformation of disease patterns, the optimal allocation and efficient utilization of public health resources have become critical issues in safeguarding public health. This study aims to explore how scientific approaches can achieve rational distribution of public health resources to enhance efficiency and reduce regional health disparities. A multidimensional analytical fr amework was employed, integrating both quantitative and qualitative methods, to conduct an in-depth evaluation of the current status of public health resource allocation across different regions of our country. Additionally, a system dynamics model was introduced to predict the long-term impacts of resource allocation. The findings indicate that there are significant geographical imbalances in the current allocation, particularly evident in primary healthcare services and preventive investments. Through simulation of optimization strategies, it was discovered that a demand-oriented dynamic adjustment mechanism could substantially improve resource utilization and effectively enhance the accessibility of health services. The innovation of this study lies in its pioneering application of system dynamics modeling to the field of public health resource allocation, as well as the proposal of "demand-supply matching" as a new indicator for measuring allocation efficiency. This approach provides policymakers with a scientific basis, contributing to the establishment of a more equitable and efficient public health service system and laying the foundation for achieving universal health coverage.
Keywords：Public Health Resources; System Dynamics Model; Demand Orientation; Resource Allocation Efficiency; Health Service Accessibility
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 公共卫生资源配置的研究背景 1
(二) 研究意义与理论价值分析 1
(三) 国内外研究现状综述 1
(四) 本文研究方法与技术路线 2
二、公共卫生资源优化配置的理论基础 2
(一) 公共卫生资源的概念与分类 2
(二) 资源优化配置的核心理论框架 3
(三) 配置效率评价的关键指标体系 3
三、公共卫生资源利用的现状与问题分析 4
(一) 当前资源配置的主要模式 4
(二) 资源利用中的典型问题剖析 4
(三) 影响资源配置效率的因素分析 5
四、公共卫生资源优化配置的策略与路径 6
(一) 基于需求导向的资源配置模型 6
(二) 区域间资源均衡化的实现路径 6
(三) 提高资源利用效率的具体措施 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
