摘要
公共服务均等化是实现社会公平与可持续发展的重要基石，尤其是在我国区域间、城乡间发展不平衡的背景下，地方政府在推动公共服务均等化中扮演着关键角色。本研究旨在探讨地方政府在公共服务均等化中的路径选择及其优化策略，通过文献分析、案例研究和实证调查相结合的方法，深入剖析当前地方政府在公共服务供给中的主要挑战及成因。研究选取了东部、中部和西部具有代表性的三个地区作为样本，从政策设计、资源配置、服务效率及公众满意度等多个维度进行系统评估。结果表明，地方政府在推进公共服务均等化过程中面临制度性障碍、财政资源分配不均以及治理能力不足等问题。为此，本文提出构建协同治理机制、优化财政转移支付体系以及提升数字化治理水平等创新路径，并强调以需求为导向的服务模式转型。本研究的主要贡献在于揭示了地方政府在公共服务均等化中的实践困境，并提出了具有可操作性的解决方案，为相关政策制定提供了理论支持与实践参考。
关键词：公共服务均等化；地方政府；财政资源分配；协同治理机制；数字化治理水平
Abstract
The equalization of public services is a critical foundation for achieving social equity and sustainable development, particularly in the context of uneven development between regions and urban-rural areas in China, where local governments play a pivotal role in promoting the equalization of public services. This study aims to explore the path choices and optimization strategies of local governments in the equalization of public services by employing a combination of literature analysis, case studies, and empirical investigations to comprehensively examine the primary challenges and underlying causes faced by local governments in public service provision. The research selects three representative areas from the eastern, central, and western regions as samples, evaluating them systematically across multiple dimensions, including policy design, resource allocation, service efficiency, and public satisfaction. The findings indicate that local governments encounter institutional barriers, unequal fiscal resource distribution, and insufficient governance capabilities during the process of advancing public service equalization. In response, this paper proposes innovative approaches, such as constructing collaborative governance mechanisms, optimizing the fiscal transfer payment system, and enhancing digital governance capabilities, while emphasizing a demand-oriented service model transformation. The main contribution of this study lies in uncovering the practical difficulties faced by local governments in the equalization of public services and proposing actionable solutions, thereby providing theoretical support and practical references for relevant policy formulation.
Keywords：Equalization Of Public Services; Local Government; Fiscal Resource Allocation; Collaborative Governance Mechanism; Level Of Digital Governance
目 录
摘要 I
Abstract II
一、绪论 1
(一) 研究背景与意义 1
(二) 国内外研究现状分析 1
(三) 研究方法与技术路线 2
二、公共服务均等化的理论基础 2
(一) 公共服务均等化的核心概念 2
(二) 相关理论框架解析 3
(三) 地方政府的角色定位 3
三、当前地方政府公共服务均等化的现状与问题 4
(一) 地方政府公共服务供给的现状分析 4
(二) 均等化过程中的主要障碍 5
(三) 区域间差异及其影响因素 5
四、推进地方政府公共服务均等化的路径探索 6
(一) 制度设计与政策优化 6
(二) 财政资源的合理配置 6
(三) 技术手段的应用与创新 7
结 论 8
参考文献 9
