摘 要
认知老化是人口老龄化背景下亟待解决的重要科学问题，其对老年人生活质量的影响日益受到关注。本研究旨在探讨认知老化与老年人生活质量之间的关系，并进一步分析潜在中介和调节因素的作用。基于横断面调查数据，研究选取了65岁以上社区居住老年人为研究对象，采用标准化量表评估其认知功能、心理健康、社会支持及总体生活质量。通过结构方程模型分析发现，认知功能的下降显著影响老年人的生活质量，且这种影响部分通过心理健康和社会支持的中介机制实现。此外，社会支持在认知功能与生活质量的关系中表现出显著的调节作用，表明高社会支持水平能够缓解认知老化对生活质量的负面影响。本研究创新性地揭示了心理健康和社会支持在认知老化与生活质量关系中的复杂作用机制，为制定针对性干预措施提供了理论依据。主要贡献在于强调了社会环境因素的重要性，提示提升老年人的社会支持水平可能是改善其生活质量的有效途径，同时为未来相关研究提供了新的视角和方法学参考。
关键词：认知老化；生活质量；心理健康；社会支持；中介机制The Relationship Between Cognitive Aging and Quality of Life in Older Adults
英文人名
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Abstract：Cognitive aging has emerged as a critical scientific issue under the backdrop of population aging, with its impact on the quality of life of older adults drawing increasing attention. This study aimed to explore the relationship between cognitive aging and the quality of life among older adults, while further analyzing the roles of potential mediating and moderating factors. Based on cross-sectional survey data, the study selected community-dwelling older adults aged 65 and above as participants, assessing their cognitive function, mental health, social support, and overall quality of life using standardized scales. Through structural equation modeling analysis, it was found that the decline in cognitive function significantly affected the quality of life of older adults, with this influence partially mediated by mechanisms related to mental health and social support. Additionally, social support exhibited a significant moderating effect in the relationship between cognitive function and quality of life, indicating that high levels of social support can mitigate the negative impact of cognitive aging on quality of life. This study innovatively uncovered the complex role of mental health and social support in the relationship between cognitive aging and quality of life, providing a theoretical basis for developing targeted interventions. Its primary contribution lies in emphasizing the importance of social environmental factors, suggesting that enhancing the level of social support for older adults may be an effective way to improve their quality of life, while also offering new perspectives and methodological references for future research in this area.
Keywords: Cognitive Aging；Quality Of Life；Mental Health；Social Support；Mediating Mechanism
目 录
引言 1
一、认知老化的概念与测量 1
(一)认知老化的定义与特征 1
(二)认知老化的主要测量方法 2
(三)认知老化研究的理论框架 2
二、老年人生活质量的核心维度 3
(一)生活质量的概念界定 3
(二)老年人生活质量的关键维度 4
(三)影响老年人生活质量的因素分析 4
三、认知老化对老年人生活质量的影响机制 5
(一)认知功能下降与日常生活能力的关系 5
(二)社交认知能力衰退对社会参与的影响 5
(三)情绪认知变化对心理健康的作用 6
四、提升老年人生活质量的认知干预策略 6
(一)基于认知训练的生活质量改善路径 6
(二)社会支持在认知老化中的调节作用 7
(三)政策支持与认知老化的应对措施 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
