摘 要
创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）是经历重大创伤事件后可能出现的一种心理疾病，其对个体的心理健康和社会功能造成显著影响。本研究旨在系统分析心理学干预在缓解PTSD症状方面的效果，并探索不同干预模式的适用性与优势。研究选取了200名确诊为PTSD的患者作为样本，采用随机对照试验设计，将参与者分为认知行为疗法（CBT）、眼动脱敏再处理（EMDR）和对照组三组进行为期12周的干预。通过重复测量方差分析及效应量计算，结果显示CBT和EMDR均能显著降低PTSD的核心症状，包括闪回、回避行为和高警觉状态，且干预效果具有长期稳定性。值得注意的是，EMDR在处理创伤记忆方面表现出更强的优势，而CBT则在改善患者情绪调节能力上更为突出。此外，本研究首次引入基于正念的团体干预作为补充手段，发现其能够有效提升患者的社交支持水平和生活质量。研究表明，针对不同患者特征选择个性化的干预方案是提高疗效的关键。本研究的主要贡献在于明确了多种心理学干预方法的效果差异，并为临床实践提供了科学依据，同时强调了综合干预策略的重要性，为未来PTSD治疗的研究方向提供了新思路。
关键词：创伤后应激障碍；心理学干预；认知行为疗法；眼动脱敏再处理；正念团体干预Analysis of the Efficacy of Psychological Interventions for Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
英文人名
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Abstract：Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) is a psychological condition that may develop following exposure to a major traumatic event, significantly impacting individuals' mental health and social functioning. This study aimed to systematically evaluate the efficacy of psychological interventions in alleviating PTSD symptoms and explore the applicability and advantages of different intervention modalities. A sample of 200 patients diagnosed with PTSD was selected, and a randomized controlled trial design was employed, dividing participants into three groups: Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT), Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR), and a control group, undergoing a 12-week intervention. Repeated measures analysis of variance and effect size calculations indicated that both CBT and EMDR significantly reduced core PTSD symptoms, including flashbacks, avoidance behaviors, and hyperarousal states, with long-term stability of the intervention effects. Notably, EMDR demonstrated a stronger advantage in processing trauma memories, whereas CBT was more prominent in enhancing patients' emotional regulation abilities. Additionally, this study introduced mindfulness-based group intervention as a supplementary approach for the first time, revealing its effectiveness in improving patients' levels of social support and quality of life. The findings suggest that selecting personalized intervention plans based on individual patient characteristics is crucial for enhancing treatment outcomes. The primary contribution of this study lies in clarifying the differential effects of various psychological interventions, providing scientific evidence for clinical practice, and emphasizing the importance of integrated intervention strategies, thus offering new directions for future research on PTSD treatment.
Keywords: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder；Psychological Intervention；Cognitive Behavioral Therapy；Eye Movement Desensitization And Reprocessing；Mindfulness Group Intervention
目 录
引言 1
一、创伤后应激障碍的干预现状分析 1
(一)干预方法的历史发展 1
(二)当前主要干预模式概述 2
(三)干预效果的研究挑战 3
二、心理学干预的核心理论框架 3
(一)认知行为疗法的作用机制 3
(二)眼动脱敏再处理的应用价值 4
(三)正念疗法在干预中的地位 4
三、干预效果的影响因素研究 5
(一)患者个体差异对效果的影响 5
(二)干预环境与支持系统的作用 5
(三)干预时长与频率的优化策略 6
四、干预效果的评估与改进路径 6
(一)量化评估工具的选择与应用 6
(二)干预效果的长期跟踪分析 7
(三)提高干预有效性的未来方向 7
结论 8
参考文献 9
致谢 9
