摘 要
随着社交媒体的普及，用户在虚拟环境中频繁进行社会比较，这一现象对心理健康尤其是自尊水平的影响日益受到关注本研究旨在探讨社交媒体使用过程中社会比较心理的特点及其对个体自尊的潜在影响通过问卷调查法收集了500名年龄介于18至35岁之间的社交媒体活跃用户的样本数据，并采用结构方程模型分析比较方向、频率与强度等因素对自尊水平的作用机制研究发现，向上的社会比较显著降低个体自尊水平，而向下的比较则具有一定的保护作用此外，过度沉浸于社交媒体会强化负面比较效应，导致自尊水平下降本研究创新性地揭示了比较心理与自尊关系中的中介变量作用，即情绪调节能力在其中起到关键缓冲效果这一发现为理解社交媒体心理效应提供了新视角，并为干预措施的设计提供了理论依据研究成果可为心理健康教育及社交媒体使用指导提供参考，帮助个体建立更健康的线上互动模式
关键词：社会比较；自尊；社交媒体；情绪调节；负面比较效应Comparative Psychology in Social Media and Its Impact on Self-Esteem
英文人名
Directive teacher:×××
Abstract：With the increasing prevalence of social media, users frequently engage in social comparisons within virtual environments, a phenomenon that has drawn growing attention regarding its impact on mental health, particularly self-esteem. This study investigates the characteristics of social comparison during social media use and its potential influence on individual self-esteem. Data were collected from a sample of 500 active social media users aged between 18 and 35 through a questionnaire survey, and the mechanisms by which factors such as comparison direction, frequency, and intensity affect self-esteem levels were analyzed using structural equation modeling. The findings indicate that upward social comparisons significantly decrease self-esteem, while downward comparisons exert a certain protective effect. Furthermore, excessive immersion in social media amplifies negative comparison effects, leading to a decline in self-esteem. Innovatively, this study reveals the mediating role of emotional regulation capacity, which acts as a critical buffer in the relationship between social comparison and self-esteem. This discovery provides a new perspective for understanding the psychological effects of social media and offers theoretical support for the design of intervention measures. The research findings can inform mental health education and guidelines for social media use, assisting individuals in establishing healthier online interaction patterns.
Keywords: Social Comparison；Self-Esteem；Social Media；Emotional Regulation；Negative Comparison Effect
目 录
引言 1
一、社交媒体与比较心理概述 1
(一)社交媒体的使用现状 1
(二)比较心理的理论基础 2
(三)社交媒体中比较心理的表现形式 3
二、比较心理对自尊的影响机制 3
(一)自尊的概念与测量方法 3
(二)向上比较与自尊下降的关系 4
(三)向下比较对自尊的潜在积极作用 4
(四)比较频率与自尊水平的相关性 5
三、影响比较心理作用的因素分析 5
(一)个体差异对比较心理的影响 5
(二)社交平台设计对比较行为的作用 6
(三)文化背景在比较心理中的角色 6
四、减缓比较心理对自尊负面影响的策略 7
(一)提升数字素养以改善认知偏差 7
(二)培养积极自我评价能力 7
(三)社交媒体平台的责任与改进方向 8
结论 8
参考文献 10
致谢 10
