摘 要：随着数学教育改革的深入，培养学生空间观念已成为小学数学教学的重要目标之一。本研究旨在探讨如何通过有效的教学策略提升小学生的空间观念，以促进其数学核心素养的发展。研究采用文献分析、问卷调查和案例研究相结合的方法，对当前小学数学教学中空间观念培养的现状进行系统分析，并提出针对性的教学改进措施。研究发现，当前教学实践中存在空间观念培养目标模糊、教学方法单一等问题，而通过融入动态几何软件、设计多维度实践活动以及加强师生互动，能够显著提高学生对空间关系的理解与应用能力。本研究创新性地构建了一套基于情境体验的空间观念培养框架，为小学数学教师提供了具体可行的教学参考。研究表明，注重直观感知与抽象思维的结合是提升学生空间观念的关键，这一成果对优化小学数学教学实践具有重要指导意义。
关键词：空间观念；小学数学教学；动态几何软件
Abstract：As the reform of mathematics education continues to deepen, cultivating students' spatial concepts has become one of the key ob jectives in primary school mathematics teaching. This study aims to explore how effective teaching strategies can enhance primary school students' spatial concepts and thereby promote the development of their core mathematical competencies. By integrating literature analysis, questionnaire surveys, and case studies, the research systematically examines the current status of spatial concept cultivation in primary school mathematics teaching and proposes targeted instructional improvement measures. The findings reveal that existing teaching practices suffer from issues such as unclear ob jectives for spatial concept cultivation and overly simplistic teaching methods. However, incorporating dynamic geometry software, designing multidimensional practical activities, and enhancing teacher-student interactions can significantly improve students' understanding and application of spatial relationships. Innovatively, this study constructs a fr amework for cultivating spatial concepts based on situational experience, providing primary school mathematics teachers with concrete and feasible instructional references. The research demonstrates that emphasizing the integration of intuitive perception and abstract thinking is crucial for enhancing students' spatial concepts, and this outcome holds significant guiding implications for optimizing teaching practices in primary school mathematics.
引言 1
一、空间观念的理论基础 1
(一)空间观念的概念界定 1
(二)空间观念的发展特点 2
(三)空间观念的教学意义 2
二、小学数学中空间观念的培养目标 3
(一)培养目标的总体设计 3
(二)不同年级的目标差异 3
(三)目标与课程标准的对接 4
三、空间观念培养的教学策略 4
(一)视觉直观的教学方法 4
(二)动手操作的实践方式 5
(三)信息技术的应用探索 5
四、空间观念培养的效果评估与反思 6
(一)教学效果的评价指标 6
(二)学生表现的数据分析 6
(三)教学实践中的问题反思 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
关键词：空间观念；小学数学教学；动态几何软件
Abstract：As the reform of mathematics education continues to deepen, cultivating students' spatial concepts has become one of the key ob jectives in primary school mathematics teaching. This study aims to explore how effective teaching strategies can enhance primary school students' spatial concepts and thereby promote the development of their core mathematical competencies. By integrating literature analysis, questionnaire surveys, and case studies, the research systematically examines the current status of spatial concept cultivation in primary school mathematics teaching and proposes targeted instructional improvement measures. The findings reveal that existing teaching practices suffer from issues such as unclear ob jectives for spatial concept cultivation and overly simplistic teaching methods. However, incorporating dynamic geometry software, designing multidimensional practical activities, and enhancing teacher-student interactions can significantly improve students' understanding and application of spatial relationships. Innovatively, this study constructs a fr amework for cultivating spatial concepts based on situational experience, providing primary school mathematics teachers with concrete and feasible instructional references. The research demonstrates that emphasizing the integration of intuitive perception and abstract thinking is crucial for enhancing students' spatial concepts, and this outcome holds significant guiding implications for optimizing teaching practices in primary school mathematics.
Keywords: Spatial Concept；Elementary Mathematics Teaching；Dynamic Geometry Software
引言 1
一、空间观念的理论基础 1
(一)空间观念的概念界定 1
(二)空间观念的发展特点 2
(三)空间观念的教学意义 2
二、小学数学中空间观念的培养目标 3
(一)培养目标的总体设计 3
(二)不同年级的目标差异 3
(三)目标与课程标准的对接 4
三、空间观念培养的教学策略 4
(一)视觉直观的教学方法 4
(二)动手操作的实践方式 5
(三)信息技术的应用探索 5
四、空间观念培养的效果评估与反思 6
(一)教学效果的评价指标 6
(二)学生表现的数据分析 6
(三)教学实践中的问题反思 7
结论 7
参考文献 9
致谢 9
